Integrated heat-exchangers

Chart Industries (US) Integrated heat exchangers and reactors for numerous applications... 

Rebrov, E. V., de Croon, M. H. J. M., ScHOUTEN, J. C., Design of a micro-structured reactor with integrated heat-exchanger for optimum performance of highly exothermic reaction, Catal. Today 69 (2001) 183-192. 

The cold recovery device consists of an exhaust air humidifier with an integrated heat exchanger and the supply air heat exchanger, which are connected by a fluid circuit. The first can be described as an indirect evaporative cooler. The cold recovery device is able to transport 83% of the maximum possible enthalpy difference from the exhaust air to the supply air. 

According to the vendor, HD CatOx, because of its low operating temperature and the integral heat exchanger, minimizes the need for supplemental fuel (D14851Q, p. 3). 

Thonon B, Mercier P. Flow structure, thermal and hydraulic performances of compact geometries used as integrated heat exchanger reactor. Process Intensification Conference, Antwerp, October 1999. 

The methods of mechanical micromachining and micro EDM have been extensively applied to the fabrication of components such as micro heat exchangers, mixers, and reaction channels as well as chemical microsystems with integrated heat exchange, reaction, mixing, and distribution elements (Figure 10). 

Simulation of the Effect of Integrating Heat-exchange Capabilities into Water-gas Shift Reactors... 

Preferential Carbon Monoxide Oxidation 5 [PrOx 5] Integrated Heat Exchanger/Reactor for PrOx... 

Feasibility Study for Combined Methane Oxidation/Steam Reforming in an Integrated Heat Exchanger... 

For reformate flow rates up to 400 Ndm3 min-1, the CO output was determined as < 12 ppm for simulated methanol. The reactors were operated at full load (20 kW equivalent power output) for -100 h without deactivation. In connection with the 20 kW methanol reformer, the CO output of the two final reactors was < 10 ppm for more than 2 h at a feed concentration of 1.6% carbon monoxide. Because the reformer was realized as a combination of steam reformer and catalytic burner in the plate and fin design as well, this may be regarded as an impressive demonstration of the capabilities of the integrated heat exchanger design for fuel processors in the kilowatt range. 

The aim of the work was to develop a methanol fuel processor for a 50 kW automobile engine. An integrated heat exchanger/reactor was fabricated and results were presented by Hermann et al. [120] of GM/OPEL. The specifications for the system were ambitious, amongst others ... 

Integrated Systems Fuelled by Methanol 11 [ISMol 11] Micro Integrated Heat Exchanger/Fixed-bed Reactor for Methanol Steam Reforming... 

With nonadiabatic reaction control, heat must be transported through the fixed bed to the integrated heat exchange surfaces. At the usual mass flow rates of G > lkgm-2s-1, this heat transport takes place mainly by convection, i.e. the fixed bed must allow for a cross flow transverse to the main flow direction. Monolith structures with straight parallel channels are thus unsuitable for nonadiabatic reaction control. 

The presence of an extracorporeal bypass circuit results in large heat losses from the blood. Thus an integral heat exchanger is essential to regulate the patient s body temperature. To decrease the oxygen demand during surgery, the patient s body temperature is often maintained at 5°C-10°C below normal body temperature. 

Bramson ML, Osbom JJ, Main FB, Obrien ME, Wright IS, and Gerbode F. A new disposable membrane oxygenator with integral heat exchange. J. Thorac. Cardiov. Sur. 1965 50(3) 391 00. 

As typical representatives for slow heat release appliances a soapstone stove and a tiled stove were used for the tests. The third type of slow heat release appliance was equipped with an integrated heat exchanger to supply hot water for a central heating system. This appliance was chosen to check the feasibility of the new test method in view of the necessary recording of the heat split between heat released to the room and heat released to the central heating system. 

For the study of the process, a set of partial differential model equations for a flat sheet pervaporation membrane with an integrated heat exchanger (see fig.2) has been developed. The temperature dependence of the permeability coefficient is defined like an Arrhenius function [S. Sommer, 2003] and our new developed model of the pervaporation process is based on the model proposed by [Wijmans and Baker, 1993] (see equation 1). With this model the effect of the heat integration can be studied under different operating conditions and module geometry and material using a turbulent flow in the feed. The model has been developed in gPROMS and coupled with the model of the distillation column described by [J.-U Repke, 2006], for the study of the whole hybrid system pervaporation distillation. 

In order to improve efficiency, fed-in air is preheated by the combustible gases sensible heat, by means of integrated heat exchangers. 

Tonkovich and coworkers [42—47] used packed bed microreactors for the production of hydrogen. The authors constructed a reactor consisting of stacked stainless steel plates for the partial oxidation of methane [42]. The microchannels (which were 254 pm wide, 1500 pm deep, and 35 mm long) were filled with mesoporous silica that was impregnated with rhodium. The reactor plates were sandwiched between two integrated heat exchanger plates. 

Catalyst structure with integral heat exchange surfaces... 

---