Pharmacokinetics insulin

Insulin Pharmacokinetic Parameters by Different Routes of Administration (mean SD, n = 4)... 

Binder C, Lauritzen T, Faber O, Pramming S. Insulin pharmacokinetics. Diabetes Care 1984 7(2) 188-99. 

Arem R, Zoghbi W. Insulin overdose in eight patients insulin pharmacokinetics and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 1985 64(5) 323-32. 

Guerci B, Sauvanet JP. Subcutaneous insulin pharmacokinetic variability and glycemic variability. Diabetes Metab. 2005 31 4S7-4S24. 

Osterberg, O., L. Erichsen, S.H. Ing-wersen, A. Plum, H.E. Poulsen, and P. Vicini. 2003. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties ofinsulin aspart and human insulin./. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn. 30 221-235. 

Mosekilde E, Jensen KS, Binder C, Pramming S, Thorsteinsson B. Modeling absorption kinetics of subcutaneous injected soluble insulin / Pharmacokinet Pharmacodynam. 1989 17(l) 67-87. 

All subjects were assessed over four test periods, 3 to 14 days apart, to determine dose-ranging effects and pharmacodynamics by euglycemic clamp, and insulin pharmacokinetics over 6 hours. Oralin administration on the three study days was in randomized order. Each subject was provided with the placebo device to practice the administration technique as taught by a video demonstration. The Ora-lin device comprises a standard MDI device with certain proprietary modifications to deliver the insulin into patienfs mouth. A simple procedure was used for Oralin dosing patients were asked to position the device in their mouth and to spray the Ora-lin formulation by depressing the device once. Patients were asked not to exhale or... 

Turnheim K, Waldhausl W K (1988). Essentials of insulin pharmacokinetics. Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. 100 65-72. 

Three rapid-acting insulins have been approved in the United States lispro, aspart, and glulisine. Substitution of one or two amino acids in regular insulin results in the unique pharmacokinetic properties characteristic of these agents. Onset of action of rapid-acting insulins varies from 15 to 30 minutes, with peak effects occurring 1 to 2 hours following administration. 

Patton, J.S., Bukar, J.G., and Eldon, M.A. 2004. Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of inhaled insulin. Clinical Pharmacokinetics 43(12), 781-801. 

Insulin, whatever its source, may be formulated in a number of ways, generally in order to alter its pharmacokinetic profile. Fast (short)-acting insulins are those preparations that yield an elevated blood insulin concentration relatively quickly after their administration (which is usually by s.c. or, less commonly, by i.m. injection). Slow-acting insulins, on the other hand, enter the circulation... 

Table 11.4 Some pharmacokinetic characteristics of short, intermediate and long-acting insulin preparations...

Identification of insulins with altered pharmacokinetic properties, such as faster-acting or slower-acting insulins. 

AII insulins available in the United States are made by human recombinant DNA technology. An insulin analog is a modified human insulin molecule that imparts particular pharmacokinetic advantages. 

Colthorpe P, Farr SJ, Taylor G, Smith IJ, Wyatt D (1992) The pharmacokinetics of pulmonary delivered insulin a comparison of intratracheal and aerosol administration to the rabbit. Pharm Res 9 764-768. 

Pang Y, Sakagami M, Byron PR (2005) The pharmacokinetics of pulmonary insulin in the in vitro isolated perfused rat lung implications of metabolism and regional deposition. Eur J Pharm Sci 25 369-378. 

Lin, S. and Ghien, Y.W., Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of insulin comparison of indirect pharmacodjmamic response with effect-compartment link models, J. Pharm. Pharmacol, 54, 791-800, 2002. 

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