Inorganic sepiolite

Layered inorganic solids have been used for site isolation, for example, nickel phosphine complexes confined within the interlayer spaces of sepiolite have been used as olefin hydrogenation catalysts [63], and similarly there has been the encapsulation of metal complexes into zirconium phosphates [64], The principal idea is illustrated in Figure 5.8. The metal complex can be encapsulated by covalent means (a) or by non-covalent interactions (b). 

Fig. 1.10 SEM micrographs of chitosan-based bio-nanocomposites involving (A) sepiolite and (B) montmorillonite as the inorganic moiety.

In the new ICP pathway, the catalysts were made by extrusion of a paste prepared by kneading a powder mixture of AC previously impregnated with the appropriate concentration of aqueous solution of inorganic precursor and a-sepiolite. The extrudates and monolithic shaped materials were dried at room temperature for 48 h, then at 110 °C for 24 h and finally calcined in air, heated at 3 °C min to 500 °C and maintaining this temperature for 4 h. No further reduction step was carried out. 

In the chapter Dispersion of Inorganic Nanoparticles in Polymer Matrices Challenges and Solutions, the synthesis, properties, and applications of nanoparticles their surface modification and preparation of polymer-inorganic nanocomposites are reviewed in detail. The chapter Recent Advances on Fibrous Clay-Based Nanocomposites reviews recent results on nanocomposite materials derived from the fibrous clay silicates sepiolite and palygorskite and combined with diverse types of polymers, from typical thermoplastics to biopolymers such as polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. The chapter Nanohybrid Materials by Electrospinning highlights recent progress and current issues in the production of... 

Sandi, G., Carrado K. A., Winans R. E., Johnson C. S. and Kepler K. D., Carbons for lithium ion cells prepared using sepiolite as inorganic template. Proceedings — Electrochem. Soc. 98-16 (Lithium Batteries) (1999), 11-18. 

The inorganic thickening agents are of two types [59]. The first t3rpe is produced from clay minerals such as hectorite, montmorillonite, saponite, attapulgjte, and sepiolite, and the second type includes the synthetic pyrogenic (fumed) silicas, precipitated silicas, synthetic clays (hectorite), and synthetic alumina. 

The presence of silica NPs assembled to fibrous clays could be of interest for their use as nanofillers in polymers reinforcement Preliminary attempts in the use of silica-sepiolite nanoarchitectures, as well as the intermediate silica-organosepiolite materials, as nanofillers of epoxy resins show a moderate mechanical improvement [57,74], Further modifications of the silica NPs assembled to sepiolite could produce organic-inorganic hybrids that can be considered as promising new functional materials for diverse applications, from sensing devices to polymer reinforcement. 

Template methods can also be used to prepare amorphous carbons. For example, inorganic compounds with channels such as sepiolite clay are used as a template. Ethylene and propylene are polymerized on the clay. After heat-treatment and removal of the clay template by washing with acid, amorphous carbon with micropores is obtained. This polymeric carbon can attain a reversible capacity of up to 633 mAh/g. When nano CaCOg particles (about... 

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