Injection grouting

So far EP resin injection has proved to be an effective technique for repairing cracks in structural members such as walls, piers, floors ceilings, and so on [281]. 

A comparison was recently made between resin injection that is done manually and selfrepair in which the adhesive for repair is already present in the matrix at the time the cracking occurs. Self-repair adhesives with higher modulus of elasticity transferred stresses well across the crack width allowing the crack to sustain as much, if not more, as the original loading (as measured by specimen strength). The adhesives with lower modulus of elasticity (more flexible) also transfer the stresses [282]. 

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In situ grouting. The in situ grouting method involves injecting grouting materials into sediments to stabilize the contaminated sediments. In situ containments can be either temporary or permanent. However, permanent containment of contaminated sediments has not been well demonstrated or widely used. 

Table 7.21 Water-cement injection grout formuiations, Type I/II cement (Raicitsky)...

METLCAP is a chemical cement that encapsulates, stabilizes, and solidifies hazardous heavy metals in solid form, in slurry form, or in solution. The cement is composed of magnesium oxychloride, which forms when magnesium chloride and magnesium oxide, with water, are mixed together with the metals. The hardened cement product is insoluble and itself becomes a usable resource as cement or as fill material. The METLCAP technology is applicable as an in sitn or ex situ treatment or for high-pressure injection grouting and construction of slnrry walls. Currently, the process is patented and commercially available from Stark Encapsulation, Inc. 

DISPLACEMENT GROUTING Injecting grout into a formation in such a manner as to move the formation it may be controlled or uncontrolled. See PENETRATION GROUTING. 

Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE) Standard (Japan) PMC Concrete surface coating materials JSCE-K511, 521, 522, 523, 524, 531, 532 Injecting/grouting materials JSCE-K 543, 553... 

Ferragni, D., Forti, M., MalUet, J., Mora, P., et al. (1984). Injection grouting of mural paintings and mosaics. In N. S. Brommelle (Ed.), Adhesives and consolidants, Paris Congress, 2-8 September 1984. International Institute for Conservation, 110-116. 

In Fig. 3 images obtained from sonic tests are reported. From the comparison of the graphs reported in Fig. 3a, b, the distribution of pulse wave speed in the same portion of masonry before and after fluid mortar injection grouting is highlighted. In the first case the maximum speed is 250 m/s, while in the second case it grows up to 1,709 m/s. The different velocity transmission indicates clearly the increase of stiffness due to the grouting (Fig. 6). 

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