Inhibitors processes

Saxena, L., Iyer, B. K., and Ananthanarayan, L. (2007). Three phase partitioning as a novel method for purification of ragi (Eleusine coracana) bifunctional amylase/protease inhibitor process. Biochemistry 42, 491-495. 

Figure 7. Effect on carbonyl index during uv exposure of HDPE with 1% inhibitor processed at various temperatures (26). X, control—no additive O, I00°C, 5 min A, 200°C, 30 min , 200°C, 60 min , 200°C, 90 min t,...

In fact, in the vinyl monomer industry, over 50 % of the polymerization inhibitors (process and package) are phenolic compounds. 

This is the case for the "phosphates + dispersing agents + organic inhibitors" process (fourth category). 

The participation of HX and RX in the inhibition of flame reactions has already been discussed in the chapter 3.1. The participation of antimony atoms in the inhibitor process occurs according to reactions (a) -(d) ... 

Wang L, Chen H (2011) Increased fermentability of enzymatically hydrolyzed steam-exploded com stover for butanol production by removal of fermentation inhibitors. Process Biochem 46... 

Metals are exposed to the action of acids in many different ways and for many different reasons. The exposures can be severe, but in many cases, the corrosion can and should be controlled by means of inhibitors. Processes in which acids play a very important part are ... 

Uses Emulsifier for foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, household prods., industrial applies., polymerization, pulp/paper, metalworking, lubricants, textiles, agric., paints, adhesives thickener emulsifier in food pkg. coupling agent lubricant softener antistat corrosion inhibitor process defoamer solubilizer dispersant suspending agent stabilizer, crystallization control agent In foods Features Lipophilic... 

Dehydration can be performed by a number of methods cooling, absorption and adsorption. Water removal by cooling is simply a condensation process at lower temperatures the gas can hold less water vapour. This method of dehydration is often used when gas has to be cooled to recover heavy hydrocarbons. Inhibitors such as glycol may have to be injected upstream of the chillers to prevent hydrate formation. 

Two nucleation processes important to many people (including some surface scientists ) occur in the formation of gallstones in human bile and kidney stones in urine. Cholesterol crystallization in bile causes the formation of gallstones. Cryotransmission microscopy (Chapter VIII) studies of human bile reveal vesicles, micelles, and potential early crystallites indicating that the cholesterol crystallization in bile is not cooperative and the true nucleation time may be much shorter than that found by standard clinical analysis by light microscopy [75]. Kidney stones often form from crystals of calcium oxalates in urine. Inhibitors can prevent nucleation and influence the solid phase and intercrystallite interactions [76, 77]. Citrate, for example, is an important physiological inhibitor to the formation of calcium renal stones. Electrokinetic studies (see Section V-6) have shown the effect of various inhibitors on the surface potential and colloidal stability of micrometer-sized dispersions of calcium oxalate crystals formed in synthetic urine [78, 79]. 

Inhibitors slow or stop polymerization by reacting with the initiator or the growing polymer chain. The free radical formed from an inhibitor must be sufficiently unreactive that it does not function as a chain-transfer agent and begin another growing chain. Benzoquinone is a typical free-radical chain inhibitor. The resonance-stabilized free radical usually dimerizes or disproportionates to produce inert products and end the chain process. 

Inhibitors and retarders differ in the extent to which they interfere with polymerization, and not in their essential activity. An inhibitor is defined as a substance which blocks polymerization completely until it is either removed or consumed. Thus failure to totally eliminate an inhibitor from purified monomer will result in an induction period in which the inhibitor is first converted to an inert form before polymerization can begin. A retarder is less efficient and merely slows down the polymerization process by competing for radicals. 

ALCOHOLS,HIGHERALIPHATIC - SYNTTiETIC PROCESSES] (Vol 1) -enzyme inhibitors as [ENZYME INHIBITORS] (Vol 9)... 

Since feeds contain other substances than those required by the animals of interest, studies have also been conducted on antinutritional factors in feedstuffs and on the use of additives. Certain feed ingredients contain chemicals that retard growth or may actually be toxic. Examples are gossypol in cottonseed meal and trypsin inhibitor in soybean meal. Restriction on the amount of the feedstuffs used is one way to avoid problems. In some cases, as is tme of trypsin inhibitor, proper processing can destroy the antinutritional factor. In this case, heating of soybean meal is effective. 

Bronze disease necessitates immediate action to halt the process and remove the cause. For a long time, stabilization was sought by removal of the cuprous chloride by immersing the object in a solution of sodium sesquicarbonate. This process was, however, extremely time-consuming, frequentiy unsuccesshil, and often the cause of unpleasant discolorations of the patina. Objects affected by bronze disease are mostiy treated by immersion in, or surface appHcation of, 1 H-henzotriazole [95-14-7] C H N, a corrosion inhibitor for copper. A localized treatment is the excavation of cuprous chloride from the affected area until bare metal is obtained, followed by appHcation of moist, freshly precipitated silver oxide which serves to stabilize the chloride by formation of silver chloride. Subsequent storage in very dry conditions is generally recommended to prevent recurrence. 

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