Informed consent minors

The most important legal aspect of ECT in minors pertains to informed consent, which is an essential consid-... 

As with the evaluation of corneal abrasions, the application of one or two drops of 0.5% proparacaine is often necessary to allow adequate examination of the eye with a corneal or conjunctival foreign body, ft is advisable to obtain informed consent, preferably written, before proceeding with any minor surgical procedure. 

Written informed consent must be obtained before any minor surgical procedure. Patient safety and comfort during the procedure must be maximized. Controlling the patient s movement and continually reassuring the patient can accomplish this objective. 

For minors, documented informed consent from parents or guardians. 

In case of legal incompetence, informed consent should be obtained from the legal guardian in accordance with national legislation. Where physical or mental incapacity makes it impossible to obtain informed consent, or when the subject is a minor, permission from the responsible relative replaces that of the subject in accordance with national legislation. 

A clinical trial may only be undertaken if the informed consent of the minor s parents or incapacitated subject s legal representative has been obtained, representing the... 

II. Informed consent should be obtained from legal guardians for minors and mentally incapable adults if possible, minors should give assent. 

Table 6.4 Informed consent requirements of various guidelines, directives and regulations for minors participating in clinical research... 

In the case of an emergency, and when the person with parental responsibility is not contactable prior to the inclusion of the participant in the trial, a legal representative for the minor can give informed consent. In the UK, that will be someone other than the person involved in the conduct of the trial, who by virtue of his or her relationship with that minor is suitable to act as a legal representative for the pnrposes of the trial and is available and willing to act for those pnrposes. When no such person is available, a doctor who is primarily responsible for the medical treatment provided to the child, and is not connected to the clinical trial, can act as a professional representative. It is possible, however, that it would still be unlawful if the research were not expected to benefit the child in question. 

The central feature of securing IRB approval is to ensure all human subjects provide informed consent for their participation. Typically, informed consent issues with students and teachers include ensuring the confidentiality of student responses, no coercion to participate in the study, secure storage of records, etc. Minors cannot give informed consent, so any study involving students under the age of 18 (which includes mmiy college freshmen) must secure both parental consent and student assent. Research studies in K-12 settings require this plus approval of the local school board and/or district office. 

Family involvement may be essential when conducting therapy or treatment with a minority client. If the family members have aided in the development of a treatment plan by providing helpful information, and understand the rationale behind the treatment plan, then they are more likely to support treatment as it unfolds. Again, this should be done only with the consent of the client, but it can be incredibly helpful to have collateral support for the treatment plan if the client consents to their active involvement. 

Clinical protocols are designed to maximize the amount of data that can be obtained in a particular study while minimizing the risk to the subject. The situation is complicated since our major interests are the investigation of calcium kinetics in children. The protocol must be designed to be benign yet give the required kinetic dat Because the subjects are minors informed parental consent must be obtained in addition to the assent of the subject. 

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