Information semantic aspects

Publishers often provide human-readable guidelines for authors (also known as style guides) for document preparation, which sometimes can extend to entire books. Humans are also quite prone to noncompliance or imperfect compliance because they are often busy or perhaps simply readily bored. Guidelines for data preparation, if they exist, are often to be found in optional categories, such as supporting information. If an author deposits data in such a form, how does the publisher know that it is correct A key aspect of XML is that documents (and of course datuments) can be validated. For publishing purposes, validation implies a contract between the author and the publisher, which is machine-enforceable. A schema formalizes the syntax, vocabulary, document structure, and some of the semantics. It comprises a set of machine-based rules to which a datument must conform. If it does not, it is the author s responsibility to edit it until it does. If it conforms, it is assumed that the author has complied with the publisher s requirements. 

Another contribution is that we define complex, restricted parameters by using types, including propositional types. In this aspect, the parameters in this article are different from the parameters presented in [5] that are restricted with event-types, which we include as complex relations. In particular, a parameter that is restricted by a type, as a model of an underspecified object constrained to be of certain kind, can be instantiated only with objects that are of the restriction type. Such situation-theoretical parameters are especially useful for modelling context and resource situations that provide objects satisfying the information in the restricted parameters. Situation Theory with similar parametric objects has been used for semantics of attitude expressions and quantifier ambiguities (e.g., see [11-13]). 

Many SOA definitions mention Web Services, and, although this technology is just one possible implementation strategy to realize the infrastructure [49], it is the de facto standard for current SOA implementations. However, web services related technologies deal with almost exclusively syntactic and stmctural aspects of information and lack of semantics considerations. 

These two aspects of the problem mean that we will be more informed but will not have true knowledge of all the issues in question. If we attempt to go deeper into such issues, we shall first run iq) against the barriers involved in moving from general ideas to the semantics of the specialist. This problem makes it more difficult for the layman to understand science and technology and leads to a lack of real communication. 

Data Store and Analysis. From the Semantic Web perspective, one possible data storage solution is to utilize an RDF triplestore (e.g., OpenRDF Sesame). The PROV-0 W3C standard can be used for representing change provenance information. Another important aspect in this phase is to provide different types of stakeholders with comfortable access for analyzing the data (Ekaputra et al. 2013). An example of end-user interface for ontology data analysis in the MDEng domain is presented in (Sabou et al. 2016). 

These dimensions are related to the structural, semantic and also the pragmatic aspects of information on hazards as follows they make it possible to analyze... 

To represent more complex knowledge structures, a number of schemes have been developed e.g.,(i) Semantic nets which can describe both events and objects. Information is represented as sets of nodes connected to each other by arcs. Nodes represent objects and the arcs represent relationships between the nodes. (ii) Frames which consist of a collection of slots that describe aspects of the objects. Procedural information can also be associated with a slot and related frames can be grouped together to form a frame system. 

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