Influence of Material Properties

Crains compared to Powders Powdery Solids compared to Liquids 

Irrespective of how they have been produced, granular solids have some typical advantages in comparison to powders, and powdery solids have typical advantages in comparison to liquids. These advantages are summarized in Tab. 7.2. 

Despite Tab. 7.2, powders can be the preferred product form for various applications, due, for example, to their high volume-specific surface area and the resulting high reactivity. Even ultra-fine powders can be produced in spray fluidized beds. For this purpose, one follows Fig. 7.1c. However, the coating is created with the sole purpose of its subsequent in situ destruction by particle-particle collisions. The material created by attrition is now the real product of the process, which is carried out of the fluidized bed by the gas and can be collected in a cyclone or in filter bags. The core particles are carriers for the coating and, simultaneously, the promoters of its destruction, so that they have to be heavy and rigid. Metallic carrier particles can be heated by wall contact or by induction, so that the creation of ultra-fine powder can be combined with its thermal treatment. 

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Some useful insight can be developed concerning the influence of material properties and process conditions on devolatilization efficiency by considering the special case when the number of bubbles per unit volume of solution is constant. To fix ideas, assume that all bubbles are formed instantaneously when the solution enters the extraction zone and that no bubbles are ruptured until the very end of the process when all rupture simultaneously. Then the rate of formation can be expressed by... 

Goel VK, Monroe BT, Gilbertson LG, Brinckmann P (1995) Interlaminar shear stresses and laminae separation in the disc. Spine 20 689-698 Rao AA, Dumas GA (1991) Influence of material properties on the mechanical behaviour of the L 5-S1 intervertebral disc in compression. Journal of Biomechanics 13 139-151... 

Many researchers studied the influence of material properties of the granulating powder and process conditions on the granulation process in a rather empirical way. In the 1990s a fundamental approach to research was started on various topics in the granulation research, looking into more detailed aspects of particle wetting. 

Palzer, S., 2009. Influence of material properties on the agglomeration of water-soluble amorphous particles. Powder Technol. 189 318-326. 

V.K. Agarwal, M.D. Bharathi and D. Mills. An Experimental Investigation into the Influence of Material Properties on Pneumatic Conveying System Design for Fly Ash. Proc. The Asian Symposium on Multiphase Flow 99. Osaka. Oct./Nov. 1999. 

BE-6021 Development of an understanding of materials properties under the combined influence of creeo. fatioue and oxidation. Mr. G. Koenig Daimler-Benz Aerospace... 

In the last three chapters we have examined the mechanical properties of bulk polymers. Although the structure of individual molecules has not been our primary concern, we have sought to understand the influence of molecular properties on the mechanical behavior of polymeric materials. We have seen, for example, how the viscosity of a liquid polymer depends on the substituents along the chain backbone, how the elasticity depends on crosslinking, and how the crystallinity depends on the stereoregularity of the polymer. In the preceding chapters we took the existence of these polymers for granted and focused attention on their bulk behavior. In the next three chapters these priorities are reversed Our main concern is some of the reactions which produce polymers and the structures of the products formed. 

In order to understand the origin of material properties like Young s modulus, we need to focus on materials at the atomic level. Two things are especially important in influencing the modulus ... 

Consider a dispersion-stiffened composite material. Determine the Influence on the upper bound for the apparent Young s modulus of different Poisson s ratios in the matrix and In the dispersed material. Consider the following three combinations of material properties of the constituent materials ... 

The methods for the preparation of test pieces (or products) and their subsequent history will influence the material properties. Consequently, it is important for any testing that all the moulding, storage, preparation and conditioning procedures are defined and carefully controlled. It may be worthwhile conducting preliminary trials. 

Agarwal, B.D. and Glare, G..S. (1982). Influence of the properties of the matrix material on the fracture toughness of short fiber composites. Mater. Sci. Eng. S2, 139-145. 

In the case of homopolymers, the tacticity of the chains directly influences the material properties. Atactic PHB has an oily consistency and is of less use for plastic industry, whereas completely isotactic PHB shows comparably interesting... 

Munson, "The Influence of Mechanical Properties on Wave Propagation in Elastic-Plastic Materials, Ibid, pp 295-304 93) F. David et al, "Oblique Impact of a Layer of Explosive by a Metal Plate , Ibid, pp 381-85 (Formation of oblique deton wave and of over-detonation wave by such impact)... 

Trace impurities in noble metal nanoclusters, used for the fabrication of highly oriented arrays on crystalline bacterial surface layers on a substrate for future nanoelectronic applications, can influence the material properties.25 Reliable and sensitive analytical methods are required for fast multi-element determination of trace contaminants in small amounts of high purity platinum or palladium nanoclusters, because the physical, electrical and chemical properties of nanoelectronic arrays (thin layered systems or bulk) can be influenced by impurities due to contamination during device production25 The results of impurities in platinum or palladium nanoclusters measured directly by LA-ICP-MS are compared in Figure 9.5. As a quantification procedure, the isotope dilution technique in solution based calibration was developed as discussed in Chapter 6. 

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