Giant cell inflammation

Intrahepatic biliary atresia is characterized by a paucity of intrahepatic bile ducts. Jaundice usually appears within the first few days of life. Serum bilirubin is elevated and serum cholesterol may be very high and lead to the formation of xanthomas. The hepatic histology is nonspecific, showing bile duct paucity, giant cells, inflammation, and fibrosis. Survival into adolescence is common, although growth is usually retarded. 

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection follows toxoplasmosis in frequency and varies from virtually no associated inflammation to severe necrotizing meningoencephalitis and ependymitis. Immunohistochemistry, ISH, and PCR assay are useful for detecting the virus in paraffin-embedded tissue if bizarre giant cells with nuclear inclusions are not evident. ... 

The size of the cartilage formed in the experimental bioabsorbable implants increased over a period of about 7 weeks after which time it remained stable. The growth appeared histologically to be at the expense of the fibrous tissue initially seen and associated at least temporally with a decrease in neovascularization and resolution of the mild inflammatory response originally noted. There was a decrease in inflammatory response, as evidenced by decreases in the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and giant cells, which correlated with the disappearance of the polymers. Very little evidence of either inflammatory response or polymer remnants were seen after 7 weeks when using bioabsorbable material, while moderate inflammation and minimal cartilage formation was noted in the nonabsorbable implants after this period of time. 

In animals killed at 21 days the, end of the dosing period, the lesions associated with the crystals were equally frequent, but the majority were more advanced. In these, the deposits were surrounded by chronic inflammation, consisting mainly of mononuclears but with some macrophages and multinucleate giant cells. There was often little or no evidence of the original tubule,so that the inflammatory focus appeared to be in the interstitium. The interstitium showed widespread inflammatory infiltration. Tissue not involved by inflammation appeared normal. 

A 49-year old woman had severe reactions to all six titanium implants that were placed in her mandible between the left and right mental foramen. Three types of implants were used, an LIBB compression implant, a cylindrical implant, and a Brdnemark-like implant. The tissue reactions were severe enough to warrant removal of all the implants and the surrounding soft tissues showed chronic inflammation with fibrosis around all the implants and foreign-body giant-cell reactions around two. She recuperated and the soft and hard tissues healed satisfactorily. 

No adhered materials were observed using an optical microscope to examine the wound, and the wound surface was also smooth. Because white blood cells and giant cells were not observed, there was obviously no inflammation in the PNIPAAm samples. These results indicate that PNIPAAm does not interact strongly with natural components. It is therefore possible to apply PNIPAAm to implanted drug delivery devices. 

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