Fusion, inertial confinement

Review of the Department of Energy s Inertial Confinement Fusion Programs, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., Sept. 1990. 

J. R. Murray, J. H. CampbeU, and D. N. Frank, Beamlet Project Technology Demonstration fora National Inertial Confinement Fusion Ignition Facility, Paper CTuCl, 1993 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, Baltimore, Md., May 2—7, 1993. 

Representation of the inertial confinement fusion (ICF) concept. (U.S. Department of Energy)... 

Inertial confinement fusion has long succeeded in the context of militai y explosions—the hydrogen bomb. In the militai y application a fission bomb produces x-rays that drive an implosion of D-T fuel to enormous temperatures and densities such that fusion reactions occur during the short time that inertia keeps the fusing nuclei densely packed and hot. 

Lindl, J. D. (1998). Inertial Confinement Fusion The Quest for Ignition and Energy Gain Using Indirect Drive. New York Sprmger-Verlag. 

We are applying the principles of statistical experimental design to the development of low-density polymer foams for use as direct-drive high-gain targets for Laser Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF). Both polystyrene (PS) and resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) foams are being developed. 

The gas-phase decomposition of beryllocenes has been examined for the doping of semiconductor materials and in the preparation of thin metal films. Molecular-beam expitaxy has been used with (MeC5H4)2Be to dope InP semiconductors only a small amount of carbon is found in the doped films.54 Beryllocene 9 has been explored as a precursor for coating capsules with beryllium metal for use as targets in experiments with inertial confinement fusion.55... 

Research Centers (IUCRC), 24 395 Inelastic mean free path (IMFP), 24 87 Inert fluids, 11 877 properties of, 11 879 Inert gas dilution, 11 456 Inert gases, 13 456 17 376-377. See also Helium- group elements Noble gases narcotic potency and solubility of, 17 377 Inert gas generators, 17 280 Inertial confinement fusion targets, microcapsules as, 16 460 Inertial impaction, in depth filtration theory, 11 339... 

VanDevender. J.P. and D.L. Cook "Inertial Confinement Fusion with Light km Beams/ Science, 232. 831-836 (1986),... 

Engineering Development Program Plan for Inertial Confinement Fusion, Volume II, Program Strategy, PNL-2582. Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories, Richland, Washington, U. S., 1978... 

The interaction of an ultrahigh-intensity laser with a dense plasma is of wide interest, as these lasers open up new horizons for research, such as fs X-ray radiation probing [1,2], energetic particle acceleration [3], and inertial confinement fusion [4,5]. A new spectroscopic method that provides the kind of time- and space-resolved information required to obtain a more quantitative understanding of energy deposition than that provided by particle measurements has been under development [5-8]. Because of the relatively low temperatures that can be accessed with current lasers, conventional K-shell line spectroscopy using near-fully ionized plasma is not suitable. 

First wall shield in Inertial Confinement Fusion (Li)... 

Nuclei ( Li, Li) for Tritium Breeding. For either magnetically confined or inertially confined fusion, the near term nuclear species involved will be deuterium (0) and tritium (T). 

Meier, W. R. Maniscalco, J. A. "Liquid Metal Requirements for Inertial Confinement Fusion" Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA, UCRL-80424, 1977. 

The USA has openly stated the official view that inertial confinement fusion (IGF) and similar experiments are not banned by the treaty. But the analysis did not define similar experiments , because of a stalemate over how far to expand the exemption for pure-fusion explosions beyond the one that now exists for ICF. 

Lowe, A. T., Fries, R. J., Inertial Confinement Fusion, Technical Digest, Optical Society of America, Washington, D.C., 1977. 

Several types of energy beams have been tested in research efforts to ignite inertial confined fusion reactions. Multiple laser beams, electron beams and heavy ion beams have been tested. All have shown that heating and compression is possible. Thus far, none have caused the release of more energy from the deuterium tritium pellet than was present in the original laser beams. 

Current research is investigating two approaches to achieve inertial confinement fusion. In the direct approach a short wavelength, high intensity laser pulse is focused directly on the pellet containing the fusion fuel. The outer layers of the pellet are violently vaporized and heated to a high temperature. This process is termed ablation. The expansion of the hot outer layer compresses the inner core of the pellet causing it to implode. Energy from the hot outer layers and the laser continue to heat the inner core until it reaches fusion temperatures. 

The current research into laser based inertial confinement fusion energy is conducted at ... 

Yonas, Gerold, "Fusion Power with Particle Beams", Scientific American, Vol. 239, No. 5, November 1978, Page 50 VanDevender, J. Pace and Cook, Donald, "Inertial Confinement Fusion with Light Ion Beams", Science, Vol. 232, May 16, 1986, Page 831... 

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