Industrial hygiene sampling

Teflon filter A chemical-resistant hydro-phobic filter composed of polytetraf-louroethylene (PTFE) used for industrial hygiene sampling. 

Sweet, D.V.W. Haartz, J.C. Hawkins, M.S. Determination of Sodium Hydroxide Aerosol in Industrial Hygiene Samples, unpublished work cited in ref. 1 personal communication (draft Report) by D.V. Sweet via G. Choudhary. 

The preferred method for analyzing chlorinated isocyanuric acids and their salts is the iodometric titration (J) The main limitation of the iodometric titration method is sample size generally one would need a minimum of 100 milligrams for titrating either compound. For industrial hygiene samples, this is a problem because sample weights are usually smaller by a factor of 20,... 

The use of solid sorbents for the collection of industrial hygiene samples has greatly increased in the past few years. This technique has proven valuable, not only to the industrial hygienist because the solid sorbent sampling tubes are easy to use and transport, but also to the analytical chemist who finds the analytical procedures straightforward and adaptable to a wide range of compounds. 

The sorbents most commonly used in industrial hygiene sampling are charcoal, silica gel, and the porous polymers. In addition, a number of methods have been developed using coated sorbents. Each sorbent is discussed briefly in this section. 

To put this into practical terms, recall that the only data available to an industrial hygienist are a small fraction of all possible samples no exposure is directly observable. The average of several industrial hygiene samples is a good estimate of the long-term average exposure, but the median and mode of sample data underestimate the median and mode of the true exposures. 

The probability that n statistically independent industrial hygiene samples are all less than AL. 

The preparation of synthetic atmospheres for nonreactive gases and vapors is relatively straightforward, but the preparation of fumes, aerosols, and particulates is considerably more difficult. For purposes of industrial hygiene sampling, a polydisperse aerosol containing respirable-size particles is required. 

Recognizing the applicability of XRD to occupational health chemistry, Lennox and Leroux (1) suggested a number of chemical species which would be suitable for XRD analysis arsenic trioxide, beryllium oxide, mica, vanadium oxides, calcium fluoride in ceramic materials, as well as a number of organics such as DDT, lindane and chlordane. Unfortunately, the general application of XRD to the quantitation of industrial hygiene samples has not been realized and the majority of these analyses are restricted to free silica and to a lesser extent asbestos and talc. 

Specific Procedures for HPLC Analysis of Industrial Hygiene Samples... 

Industrial Hygiene Sampling and Analytical Guide for Airborne Health Hazards," E. I. DuPont de Nemours ... 

Atomic absorption has become the primary method for determining metal concentrations in industrial hygiene samples. The types of samples that can be analyzed in AAS will be discussed along with acid digestion methods and AAS atomization techniques. No attempt will be made to thoroughly review the theory... 

Ultrasonic extraction is an effective method for the extraction of a number of heavy metals from environmental and industrial hygiene samples. In many cases, it provides a means for quantitative recovery of metals and replacing drastic preparation procedures requiring the use of concentrated acids and the application of high heat and/or pressures (i.e. hot plate and/or microwave extraction). 

Ultrasonic extraction is especially efficient with environmental and industrial hygiene samples however, in addition to the inapplicability to the extraction of some metals and the inability to quantitatively extract heavy metals from very large bulk environmental samples [14,15], ultrasounds occasionally produce ionic species that were absent from the original sample. The new species give unidentified signals that yield spurious analytical results such is the case with the extraction of ionic species from airborne particulate matter [23], where the new ions formed prevent accurate determination of those initially present in the sample. 

Briggs T. Garrison R. 1982. Industrial hygiene sampling survey report of Arco Solar, Inc., Chatsworth. California. NTIS PB82-112145. 

Cr(VI), total Cr Industrial hygiene samples Strong anion exchange Dowex 1-X8 resin UV-Vis 11 pg L-1 (both analytes) Flow injection system ultrasonic-assisted SPE [498]... 

J. Wang, K. Ashley, E.R. Kennedy, C. Neumeister, Determination of hexavalent chromium in industrial hygiene samples using ultrasonic extraction and flow injection analysis, Analyst 122 (1997) 1307. 

Army. 1975. Development of industrial hygiene sampling and analytical methodology for evaluation of exposures to TNT and associated explosives. Contract no. DADA17-73-C-3167. Washington, DC U.S. Army Medical Research and Developmental Command. Document no. AD-A008 399. (author Saltzman BE et al.)... 

For an individual identified as having test results 30% or more below baseline, we examine his work history and plant production records to determine what product was being made in this work area on or just before the date blood was drawn. We also review industrial hygiene sampling results which will provide us with the actual level of exposure. These data then can be used to determine what additional protective measures need to be instituted to prevent a recurrence. 

IV. Diagnosis is based on a history of exposure and typical upper-airway irritant effects. Detection of ethylene oxide odor indicates significant exposure. Industrial hygiene sampling is necessary to document air levels of exposure. 

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