Industrial furnace test

Industrial furnace tests, according to UL-1709 standard, have been carried out in a 1.5 m3 furnace (Figure 6.20) for further comparison with the heat radiator test. Different intumescent formulations have been examined The first type comprised three basic intumescent (ingredients include APP, PER, and melamine) epoxy resins (IF1, IF2, and IF3) whose performance is compared to a reference commercial intumescent epoxy resin (IF4). 

The successful application of nickel-chromium-iron alloys as structural components of industrial furnaces and as chambers and containers in chemical processing under conditions of exposure involving sulphur substantiates their good resistance to this form of corrosion. These materials are used for service temperatures in the range 750-1 200°C, the upper limit of serviceability being determined largely by the chromium content of a particular alloy. Results of corrosion tests (Table 7.24) on cast nickel-... 

It is categorically assumed that dusts ignited in the laboratory by a spark source are an explosive hazard in the industry. However, some dusts that do ignite with a spark source are also shown to present a hazard by the Godbert-Greenwald furnace test and by experience... 

Silicone rubber in combination with asbestos fibre can be used in pressure reducers in receivers. In comparison tests all diaphragms from organic rubbers and asbestos cease operation due to aging after 200-360 thousand cycles on the other hand, diaphragms from silicone rubber are still in perfect state after 1 million cycles. We should also mention the use of silicone rubbers in industrial furnaces and various apparatuses operating at high temperatures (oil cracking towers, gas pipelines, recuperation installations). 

FIGURE 6.21 (a) Industrial furnace and (b) heat radiator test on five intumescent formulations. 

AST Method D5513-94 Standard Practice for Microwave Digestion of Industrial Furnace Feedstreams for Trace Element Analysis, The American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA (1994). 

Figure 24.7 shows the semi-industrial HiTAC test furnace of the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden. The outer dimensions of the furnace body is 3.500 x 2.200 x 2.200 m. The furnace body... 

See color insert following page 424.) Furnace layout for testing of radiant tube performance in pilot-scale industrial furnace. 

Figure 24.8 shows the layout for testing radiant tube performance in a pilot-scale industrial furnace (PSIF) of the Canmet Energy Technology Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada [9]. The furnace is 4.5 m x 3.0 m x 1.0 m (inside dimensions) and it can be modified to simulate any industrial furnace geometry. With a firing rate of 1.2 MW, the temperature, heat transfer, and chemical environment found in most industrial processes can be emulated as well. The furnace is equipped with a calorimeter for total heat flux (34 cooled plates on the floor of furnace). 

Furnaces—Testing. 2. Furnaces--Combustion. 3. Furnaces--Industrial applications. I. Baukal, Charles E. 

Whitehead et al [1983] point out that the Conradson carbon residue test has a poor correlation with measured particles in the combustion gases. They suggest that the differences are probably due to the very different conditions in the laboratory bench test compared with the practical combustion conditions. In an industrial furnace the oil droplets undergo a high heating rate and under these conditions the level of pyrolysis residue (coke) formed can be considerably reduced. Droplet size (a fonction of atomiser design and performance) is likely to be an important factor that affects the droplet heating rate as described earlier. 

In most tests, molten aluminum was poured into a vessel containing water. In a few instances, however, water was injected onto or below a pool of aluminum. The first type of experiment would model one of the more familiar types of industrial accidents, i.e., one in which an ingot break or a furnace leak allowed molten aluminum to contact a source of... 

One incinerator that has been evaluated rather extensively and for which test results have been reported is the liquid chemical waste incinerator facility owned by the Metropolitan Sewer District (MSD) of Greater Cincinnati, Ohio (1 ). The MSD facility uses a rotary kiln and liquid injection cyclone furnace to incinerate a wide variety of liquid industrial chemical wastes. The total design heat release rate is 120 million kJ/h (114 million Btu/h). Tests conducted over a wide temperature range ( 900°C to 1300°C) for six Appendix VIII chemicals (carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, hexachlorobenzene, hexachlorocyclo-pentadiene, and hexachloroethane) have shown DREs equal to or very near 99.99%. 

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