Industrial accidents Seveso disaster

Following major industrial accidents such as those in Bhopal, Seveso and Mexico City, the ILO has unrfertaken a series of activities for the prevention of such disasters. In addition to the develr Mnent of major hazard control systems in a number of developing countries, the Office published a manual on major hazard control [31] and a Code of Practice on the prevention of major industrial accidents [32]. A new Convention... 

Turning to the hazards and the impact of industrial processes. Many disasters such as Flixborough, Seveso and Bhopal (see section 1.6) have ably illustrated the environmental impact of human errors and the need for rigorous safety controls. The capacities and productivity of chemical plants are driven upwards as are the magnitudes of losses in terms of economic cost and fatalities. Analysis of the major causes of accidents in the U.S. chemical industry in the 1978-1980 period highlighted that ... 

Major Accidents like Flixborough (UK), 1974 Seveso (IT), 1976 Bhopal (India), 1984 Basel Mexico 1986 made people think of brining the legislature to prevent/ reduce accident in process Industries dealing with hazardous material. TUI now Seveso II Directive 96 2/EC is in effect The directive was named after Seveso disaster -an industrial accident that occurred around on July 10,1976, in a small chemical manufacturing plant near Milan in Italy. 

The first safety cases prepared for the process industries were those developed for North Sea offshore oil and gas operations following the Piper Alpha disaster that occurred in the year 1988. The Cullen report (Cullen, 1990) that was written following that accident was highly critical of offshore operating practices and recommended that a safety case approach be implemented. The Seveso incident that occurred in Italy further prompted the increased use of safety cases. Since that time the use of safety cases has spread to other industries (such as mining and railway operations) and to other nations, primarily in Europe and Australasia. (It is notable that the safety case regime approach has not been taken up for offshore oil and gas operations in the Gulf of Mexico—instead a more prescriptive approach based on industry consensus standards is used.)... 

---