Incorrect problem

Strakhov, V. N, 1968, Numerical solution of incorrect problems representable by integral equations of convolution type (in Russian) DAN SSSR, 178 (2), 299. 

Structure problems either by blocked cooling ducts or incorrect drilled holes will be able to identify by transmission thermography. Illustration 5 shows a hollowpoured blade with a typical error. A core break during pouring causes a bar, which obstructs the air supply. In the... 

MammaBan. For mammalian proteins, mammalian cells offer the most natural host for expression. Problems of incorrect processing and post-translational modification are avoided using these cells. Mammalian cells are usually grown in continuous cell culture, reducing the variabiUty in results (see Cell CULTURE technology). Moderate-level production of native protein is possible. The procedure, however, is slow and very cosdy, and the level of protein expression is low. Thus large-scale production of proteins in mammalian cells is not practical. When low quantities of protein are sufficient, this system offers the several advantages described. 

Some concerns directly related to a tomizer operation include inadequate mixing of Hquid and gas, incomplete droplet evaporation, hydrodynamic instabiHty, formation of nonuniform sprays, uneven deposition of Hquid particles on soHd surfaces, and drifting of small droplets. Other possible problems include difficulty in achieving ignition, poor combustion efficiency, and incorrect rates of evaporation, chemical reaction, solidification, or deposition. Atomizers must also provide the desired spray angle and pattern, penetration, concentration, and particle size distribution. In certain appHcations, they must handle high viscosity or non-Newtonian fluids, or provide extremely fine sprays for rapid cooling. 

Cotton yam is dyed in package machines and the dye exhausted by increasing the temperature and adding salt. The dye must be completely dissolved when preparing the dyebaths to avoid contamination with undissolved dye in the yam package. The increased avaUabUity of the prereduced Hquid dyes and the improved quaHty of sodium sulfide have reduced this problem. Incorrectly dissolved dye was previously the cause of most faulty dyeings. 

Incorrect information can result if the probe is made of the wrong material and is not heat treated in the same way as the process equipment (as well as because of other problems). The probe must be as close as possible to the material from which the equipment of interest is made. Existence of a critical condition, such as weldments or galvanic couples or occluded cells in the eqmpment of concern, makes the fabrication, placement, and maintenance of the probes and monitoring system or critical importance, if accurate and useful data are to be obtained. 

In the event of failures due to lubrication problems, the failures should be thoroughly analyzed to determine if they were indeed caused by lubricant failure or incorrect maintenance procedures. Once the problem has been isolated, corrective action can be initiated to prevent subsequent similar failures—whether it requires changing lubricants or procedures. 

The author has often wondered how often machines are redesigned and rebuilt or even replaced for reasons that were later found to be incorrect. Based on observations over a considerable number of years, the number might be staggering. Ironically, the incorrect diagnosis sometimes results in a solution that will at least for the time being appear to fix the problem. This type of solution may possibly lead to a future problem because an incorrect symptom-cause relationship is established that will not hold true on another application at another time. All of this is being said to stress the need for proper and careful problem solving that accurately determines the real cause for the problem. It is difficult to address the common sense side of reliability and not make some type of... 

Importance also applies to what may appear minor decisions in the planning or design phase. If such decisions are incorrect they could result in major problems downstream. If not detected, getting the decimal place wrong or the units of measure wrong can have severe consequences. Audits should verify that the appropriate controls are in place to detect such errors before it is too late. 

Phosphor compounds have problems when atoms are 3 A apart, producing incorrect geometries. P4O6 for example is predicted to have P-P bonds differing by 0.4 A, although experimentally they are identical. 

Correct manual lifting and handling of material prevents strains and injury and also reduces the effort required. Persistently incorrect lifting and handling may lead to the person suffering from permanent back strain or other health problems. Points to consider when preparing to lift material are ... 

Although the principles of cathodic protection are essentially simple and were in fact first outlined by Sir Humphry Davy in 1824, the application of the method to practical problems remains more of an art than a science. A properly designed cathodic protection system will be both economical and effective. On the other hand an incorrectly designed scheme will be inefficient, uneconomical and under certain circumstances may accelerate corrosion instead of controlling it. 

The standard of cleanliness which must be achieved has been stated to be that which will allow the subsequent process to be carried out satisfactorily . As an example, the degree of cleanliness required to satisfactorily zinc plate from an acid solution is somewhat higher than that required prior to zinc plate from a high-cyanide alkali zinc solution. This should never be taken as a licence to skimp on surface preparation. However, the arguments over surface-tolerant paint coatings abound and will probably continue. It is to a very large extent true that problems of early failure in metal finishing are traceable to incorrect or insufficient surface preparation. 

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