Incentives control strategy

Adaptive Control. An adaptive control strategy is one in which the controller characteristics, ie, the algorithm or the control parameters within it, are automatically adjusted for changes in the dynamic characteristics of the process itself (34). The incentives for an adaptive control strategy generally arise from two factors common in many process plants (/) the process and portions thereof are really nonlinear and (2) the process state, environment, and equipment s performance all vary over time. Because of these factors, the process gain and process time constants vary with process conditions, eg, flow rates and temperatures, and over time. Often such variations do not cause an unacceptable problem. In some instances, however, these variations do cause deterioration in control performance, and the controllers need to be retuned for the different conditions. 

Economic Incentives for Automation Projects Industrial applications of advanced process control strategies such as MFC are... 

Economic Incentives for Automation Projects Industrial applications of advanced process control strategies such as MPC are motivated by the need for improvements regarding safety, product quality, environmental standards, and economic operation of the process. One view of the economics incentives for advanced automation techniques is illustrated in Fig. 8-41. Distributed control systems (DCS) are widely used for data acquisition and conventional singleloop (PID) control. The addition of advanced regulatory control systems such as selective controls, gain scheduling, and time-delay compensation can provide benefits for a modest incremental cost. But... 

The analysis in Secs. 3.1.2 and 3.1.3 is important whenever product specs are not well defined, or whenever there may be an incentive to generate a product better than the specs. The analysis applies both to new and existing columns. In existing columns, this optimization is often incorporated in a computer control strategy and performed online. When computer control is unavailable, the optimization can be performed off-line and translated into operating procedures. 

In the next section, we consider techniques for selecting an appropriate multiloop control configuration. If the process interactions are significant, even the best multiloop control system may not provide satisfactory control. In these situations there are incentives for considering multivariable control strategies such as decoupling control (Section 18.5) and model predictive control (Chapter 20). But first we examine the phenomenon of control loop interactions. 

Early detection of HIV infection is vital in controlling its spread however, individuals in resource-limited settings feel they have no reason to find ouf about their HIV status if there are no treatment interventions. The availability of freafmenf will acf as an incentive for these individuals to seek testing and counseling. There is also a strong need to create and sustain a medical and public health infrastructure in the developing world and also scale up proven prevention strategies. 

Another factor in the crystallization of organic compounds is the tendency of some to oil out. This tendency increases rapidly in the nucleation regime and provides a further incentive to control the supersaturation with appropriate cooling strategies. The reader is referred to Section 5.4 for a discussion of this phenomenon. 

We need to research how to use effectively our existing pesticides, how to conserve them, and how to fit them into new strategies for pest control. In the past it was difficult to consider the use of pheromones, other alternative controls, or biological controls of pests because there was no funding incentive for development. 

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