In vivo dynamics

Heterocyclic fluorophores based on the benzoxadiazole nucleous, namely 4-nitrobenz-2-oxa-l,3-diazole (NBD) 14 derivatives/analogs, have been widely used as derivatization reagents for analysis purposes. Examples include the amino- or thiol reactive 4-fluoro-7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-l,3-diazole (NBD-F) 15 and 4-chloro-7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-C1) 16 [45-50] and the thiol-reactive /V-((2-(iodoacetoxy)ethyl)-/V-methyl)amino-7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-dia-zole (IANBD ester) 17 [51] and 7-chlorobenz-2-oxa-l,3-diazole-4-sulfonate (SBD-C1) 18 [52], NBD-F and NBD-C1 derivatives can be excited at about 470 nm by using the relatively inexpensive and reliable argon ion lasers or newer diode pumped solid state (DPSS) lasers. NBD-F has been used as a labeling tag in various capillary electrophoresis (CE) experiments for amino acids [53-57] including the monitorization of in vivo dynamics of amino acids neurotransmitters [58]. 

The methods described in this section can be used to examine the in vivo dynamics of polyribosome assembly on the ER membrane. Here, we will... 

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In vivo dynamics of antigen-specific regulatory T cells not predicted from behavior in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003 100 8886-8891. 

Dick JE, Guenechea G, Gan 01, Dorrell C. In vivo dynamics of human stem cell repopulation iuNOD/SGID rrrice. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2001 938 184-190. 

MacLean JL, Lee CR, Alini M, latridis JC. Anabolic and catabolic mRNA levels of the intervertebral disc vary with the magnitude and frequency of in vivo dynamic compression. J Orthop Res 2004 22 1193-1200. 

Chu, Q. and Fukui, Y. (1996). In vivo dynamics of myosin 11 in Dictyostelium by fluorescent analogue cytochemistry. Cell Motil. Cyto,skeleton 35, 254—268. 

Fig. 3 Glycoclusters proposed by Tanaka and colleagues for in vivo dynamics [32]...

Tanaka K, Siwu ERO, Minami K et al (2010) Noninvasive imaging of dendrimer-type N-glycan clusters in vivo dynamics dependence on oligosaccharide structure. Angew Chem hit Ed 49 8195-8200... 

The most suitable methodology to achieve this is conceptually simple, yet powerful we refer to this as correlative video-light EM (CVLEM), by which observations of the in vivo dynamics and ultrastructure of intracellular objects can indeed be combined to achieve this result. We also illustrate here the kinds of questions that the CVLEM approach was designed to address, as well as the particular know-how that is important for the successful application of this technique. 

The investigation of in vivo dynamic process to disclose the interaction of nanoparticles with blood and targeting tissues and organs, etc. 

Mandl S, Mari C, Edinger M et al. In vivo dynamics of tumor cell death multimodality imaging identifies key imaging times for assessing response to chemotherapy using an orthotopic mouse model of lymphoma. Mol Imaging 2004 3 1-8. 

MicroPET imaging of orosomucoid and asialoorosomucoid in rabbits as the representative A -glycoproteins was then performed to investigate the effects of sialic acid residues on the in vivo dynamics of the glycoproteins (Fig. 2) [8, 9, 28-30]. The DOTA-glycoprotein adducts obtained in the above labeling study in Table 1 were treated with as a emitter for PET. Approximately,... 

Noninvasive Imaging of Dendrimer-Type iV-Glycan Clusters Remarkable In Vivo Dynamics Dependence on Non-Reducing End Structures of /V-Glycans... 

We subsequently examined the in vivo dynamics and the biodistribution of asialo-glycan 7b and bis-Neua(2-3)Gal glycan 7c using the 16-mer poly-lysine template (Fig. 3). Unlike bis-Neua(2-6)Gal-case 7a (Fig. 4c), asialo-glycan cluster... 

Figure 17. In vivo dynamics of human skin autofluoresoenoe intensity (Xexo = 337 nm) after intradermal injection of 0.1 ml of Trazograph-76. Intensity values at different emission wavelengths are normalized by correspondent initial values [81],...

The azide-DIFO cycloadditions therefore present a mild and fast conjugation methodology perfectly suited to biochemical applications such as in vivo dynamic imaging of cell-surface glycans in live cells. However, the laborious synthetic pathway of the precursor DIFO derivatives still stands in the way of such a system to be more widely investigated and, as of yet, the technique has not been applied to the design and construction of synthetic materials. 

Thus, the diazonium salt of FBRR is an attractive quinone-based material which possesses all the characteristics which make it fit for the design of a miniaturized pH device for the detection of small pH changes that occur in a fly brain. The proposed mechanism of quinone-based pH-sensitive compounds is given in the scheme above. This process exhibits that this compound is oxidized to a p-quinone analogue from the p-methoxy compound which involves two electrons. This quinone then converts to the hydroxy derivative of the molecule by chemical reduction involving a two-electron/two-proton system. This scheme indicates the involvement of outer-sphere electron transfer of FBRR by which in vivo dynamic pH... 

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