In reading aloud

Glushko, R. The organization and activation of orthographic knowledge in reading aloud. 

Kay, J., and Marcel, A. One process, not two, in reading aloud Lexical analogies do the work of non-lexical rules. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 33a (1981), 397-413. 

Glushko, R. The organization and activation of orthographic knowledge in reading aloud. Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception and Performance 5, 4 (1979), 674-691. 

Read aloud. Especially for the auditory learner, reading aloud can help aid in comprehension. Hearing mathematical information and formulas read aloud can clarify their meanings for you. 

Gahn was a man of broad interests who often laid aside the Philosophical Transactions or his blow-pipe to read aloud, near the sewing-table in the next room, now a poem by Kellgren, Fianzen, Fru Lenngren, Leopold, or Voltaire, now a comedy by Molibre or Holberg or to exhibit a litde mechanical or optical masterpiece or to study the instruments for some household art and present a method of improving diem (44). 

Usage note When reading equations aloud we often say, F equals m a. This, of course, says that the two things are mathematically equal in equations, and that one may replace the other. It is not saying that F is physically the same thing as ma. Perhaps equations were not meant to be read aloud, for the spoken word does not have the subtleties of meaning necessary for the task. 

In reading formulas aloud, the number is simply stated for any subscript following a symbol, as in H2O H two O. To express parentheses followed... 

Gold H1952 The proper study of mankind is man, American Journal of Medicine 12 619. The title is taken from An Essay on Man by Alexander Pope (English poet, 1688-1744) the whole passage is relevant to modem clinical pharmacology and drug therapy it is best read aloud whether the reader be alone or in company. 

Note The answer to this prompt requires social interaction with the reader in explaining one s own feelings, attitude, bias, and experience. An extension to the writing might be reading aloud and then discussing several answers. 

The very best way to practice exploring themes, main ideas, inferences, details, and vocabulary in context—whether you are preparing for future standardized testing or facility in reading comprehension—is to discuss what you ve read. By the way, reading aloud to each other is a natural and pleasurable way to lead into talking about what you ve read. 

Note Reports may be read aloud or shared in a group discussion, with positive critiques following readings. Reports may include visual aids, art, audio taping, or video taping. 

Notice that this is a deceptively simple, yet highly powerful, passage. The passage may be best absorbed when read aloud, in a slightly marching, monotonous tone. You and your learner might discuss how close to poetry the passage is and why (use of rhythm, alliteration, assonance, repetition of words, sounds, phrases, metaphor, and so on). 

Read aloud in order to check your grammar and punctuation for the ways in which they affect the meaning. 

We shall show how the printing press multiplies and spreads abroad even those works primarily intended to be performed or read aloud in public, and so allows them to reach incomparably more people as readers than they ever could as mere listeners we shall show how, as a consequence of the way that any important decision taken in a large assembly is now determined by what the members of that assembly have learnt through the written word, a new art of persuasion has arisen amongst the moderns, different from that practised by the Ancients, a difference that is analogous to the differences in the effects produced, in the means employed between this modern art and that of the Ancients and, finally, we shall show how in those branches of literature where even the Ancients confined themselves... 

The chemistry of these sbc groups of elements is made similar by the presence of occupied p-orbitals, which control much of the chemistry and material properties. For example, the difference between diamond and graphite can be understood in terms of the presence of sp (this is read aloud as s-p-three) carbon atoms found in a diamond compared to sp carbon atoms found in the graphite of pencil lead (it s not actually made of lead). The sp carbon atoms have one unbonded electron in the outer shell, giving graphite the capacity for conduction of electricity because that electron can flow more freely, compared the fact that all the electron in diamond crystal are used for covalent bonding. 

Sachs did not read the Einstein letter there is considerable evidence in the record to this point cf. especially Sachs almost- explicit admission at U.S. Senate (1945), p. 10 The Einstein letter of August 2, from which I quoted in part in my own letter, was left with the President, along with my own letter. Hewlett and Anderson (1962), p. 17, confirm the omission Sachs read aloud his covering letter, which emphasized the same ideas as the Einstein communication but was more pointed on the need for funds. ... 

The process of reading aloud then is one of taking a signal of one type, writing, and converting it into a signal in another type, speech. The questions we will explore in this chapter are ... 

Figure 3.1 Basic model of reading aloud, which shows in the information flow between the author,...

For less casual conventional writing, the situation can be more difficult. In email messages, one finds that some writers do not use an upper cases characters at the start of a sentence, or that new-lines are used as sentence boundaries and no ending punctuation is found. We also come across the problem in email that the form of the headers is intended for email programs to parse and process and not for reading aloud. So the notion of sentence is unclear here. To get around this, we simply have to decide in what form we will read this information and so what form the sentences will take in these genres. One approach is to have each line as a sentence, another is to somehow process the header into a spoken list or other structure. 

Quite often, people who are reading aloud add their own prosody into the speech. By this we mean that when they read the words, they keep accurately to the word, but as the prosody is not eneoded in the text the reader makes up what they think is appropriate for this situation. It is if the reader is saying if 1 were saying this myself, what prosody would I use and then adding this into the speech. 

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