In gasoline engine

Nelson, O.L., R.W. Krumm, R.S. Fein, D.D. Fuller, G.K. Rightmire and G.E, Ducker (1989), "A broad spectrum, non metallic additive for gasoline and diesel fuels performance in gasoline engines". SAE paper No. 89-0214, fnt. Congress, Detroit, MI. 

In gasoline engines lead halides accumulate in the lubricant occasionally these give rise to the corrosion of aluminium-alloy pistons and very rarely to corrosion on aluminium-tin bearings. ... 

A recent application of this type of fluid is assistance in the removal of ingested salt spray from jet aircraft compressors and the neutralisation of corrosive effects. Other types of water-displacing fluids are claimed to have fingerprint neutralising properties or to be suitable for use on electrical equipment. Some oil-type materials serve temporarily as engine lubricants and contain suitable inhibitors to combat the corrosive products of combustion encountered in gasoline engines. 

A three-way catalyst is used normally in gasoline engine context to convert HC, CO and NOx engine-out emissions... 

It is known that a small amount of lead tetraethyl is effective as an anti-knock agent in gasoline engines. This effect is due to the inhibition of the gas-phase reaction by the lead or lead oxide derived from the lead tetraethyl.l o.si] The inhibitory action of lead compounds on hydrocarbon combustion is largely exerted in the gaseous phase of the combustion zone. 

In gasoline engines, most detergents will prevent deposit formation on carburetors, fuel injectors, and intake valves. Some detergents also possess the ability to remove existing deposits from intake valves and control the formation of deposits within the combustion chamber of an engine. See FIGURE 6-14. 

Fuel injector and/or intake valve deposits may be present in gasoline engine... 

Stover, W. H. SAE Paper 790729, June 1979, "Cold Starting and Oil Pumpability - An Evaluation of New and Used Oils in Gasoline Engines". 

Gasoline engines always operate with an air deficit. As a direct result of this deficit, the combustion process in gasoline engines can not possibly go to completion a significant proportion of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide will always be formed. 

Table 1.20 lists Arrhenius parameters for a number of secondary initiators. When acting as a secondary initiator in an autocatalytic reaction, the time to maximum rate is comparable with the half-life of the initiator. Thus the half-life of H2O2 at 60Torr (mostly N2 and O2) and 753 K is about 60 sec, consistent with the induction period shown in the oxidation of butene-2 (see later). The half-life of alkyl peroxides is much shorter, but in the high pressure rapid combustion observed in gasoline engines this rate of initiation is too slow and only radical branching is sufficiently fast to explain the observed phenomena. The formation of dihydroperoxide... 

Production of benzene could be important in terms of pollution from exhaust emissions in gasoline engines. In the cyclohexane chemistry above, increased ring homolysis above 750 K might well be expected with the formation of C2H4 and butadiene through the sequence... 

J. Yeo, Autoignition in Gasoline Engines, PhD thesis (Leeds University 1994). 

D. Bradley, Combustion in Gasoline Engines, in Internal Combustion Engineering, ed J.H. Weaving (Elsevier Applied Science, London and New York, 1990) p. 287. 

W.S. Affleck, P.E. Bright and A. Fish, Run-On in Gasoline Engines A Chemical Description of Some Effects of Fuel Composition, Comb, and Flame 12 (1968) 307. 

G.T. Kalghatgi, Combustion Chamber Deposits in Gasoline Engines - A Literature Review, SAE Technical Paper 952443 (1995). 

Use For controlling spark plug fouling, surface ignition and rumble in gasoline engines. 

Use To extend spark plug life, to control deposit-induced knocking in gasoline engines. 

---