Improving Catalytic Activity by New Catalyst Formulation

New and improved catalysts and different processing schemes are among the subjects of active research on deep fjDS s.eo.ei.e g ample, some recent studies examined carbon-supported CoMo catalysts for deep Binary oxide supports such as Ti02-Al203 have been examined for making improved HDS catalysts . 

The catalyst development has been one of the focuses of industrial research and development for deep hydrodesulfurization. For example, new and improved catalysts have been developed and marketed by Albemarle, Haldor Topsoe, Criterion, IFF, United Catalyst/Sud-Chemie, Advanced Refining, and ExxonMobil. 

Researchers at Haldor Topsoe and their collaborators in academic institutions have contributed significantly to both the advances in research on fundamental aspects of catalytically active sites of transition metal sulfides and the development of new and more active commercial hydrotreating catalysts and processes . Haldor Topsoe has commercialized more active catalysts for HDS. Its TK-554 catalyst is analogous to Akzo Nobel s KF 756 catalyst, while its newer, more active catalyst is termed TK-574. For example, in pilot plant studies, under conditions where TK-554 produces 400 ppmw sulfur in SRGO, I K 574 will produce 280 ppmw. Under more severe conditions, TK-554 will produce 60 ppmw, while TK 574 will produce 30 ppmw, and similar benefits are found with a mixture of straight run and 

Criterion Catalyst Company announced two new lines of catalysts. One is called Century, and the other is called Centinel. These two lines of catalysts are reported to be 45-70% and 80% more active, respectively, at desulfurizing petroleum fuel than conventional catalysts used in the mid-90s 

These improvements have come about through better dispersion of the active metal on the catalyst substrate. 

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Approaches to ultradeep HDS include (a) improving catalytic activity by new catalyst formulation for HDS of 4,6-DMDBT, (b) tailoring reaction and process conditions, and (c) designing new reactor configurations. Design approaches for ultradeep HDS focus on how to remove 4,6-DMDBT in gas oil more effectively. One or more approaches may be employed by a refinery to meet the challenges of producing ultraclean fuels at affordable cost. 

Thus, if the incorporation of some metal oxides indicated a notable improvement in the catalytic activity (permitting it to operate at lower reaction temperatures),the incorporation of metals, especially Pt and working in the presence of H2, has prolonged the hfe of the catalysts. However, new catalyst formulations have recently increased the resistance of these catalysts to such poisons as water or sulfur during the isomerization of n-C5 and n-C6 paraffins. Nevertheless, the use of other anions, by supporting WO3 or MoOf or heteropolyacids,which have higher thermal stability, can also be interesting alternative routes to develop new catalytic systems. 

The aim of this review paper is to give an extensive overview of the different promoters used to develop new or improved Co-based F-T catalysts. Special attention is directed towards a more fundamental understanding of the effect of the different promoter elements on the catalytically active Co particles. Due to the extensive open and patent literature, we have mainly included research publications of the last two decades in our review paper.In addition, we will limit ourselves to catalyst formulations composed of oxide supports, excluding the use of other interesting and promising support materials, such as, e.g., carbon nanofibers studied by the group of de Jong. ... 

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