Immunoglobulin processing

The resuspended and formulated Fraction II precipitate normally contains some aggregated IgG and trace substances that can cause hypotensive reactions in patients, such as the enzyme prekail ikrein activator (186). These features restrict this type of product to intramuscular adininistration. Further processing is required if products suitable for intravenous adininistration are required. Processes used for this purpose include treatment at pH 4 with the enzyme pepsin [9001-75-6] being added if necessary (131,184), or further purification by ion-exchange chromatography (44). These and other methods have been fiiUy reviewed (45,185,187,188). Intravenous immunoglobulin products are usually suppHed in the freeze-dried state but a product stable in the solution state is also available (189). 

The repair of double-strand breaks is part of the physiologic process of immunoglobulin gene rearrangement. It... 

Processing of bacterial harvests Production of the viruses and the viral 4 Human immunoglobulins... 

Also known as antibody-mediated rejection, humoral rejection is the process of creating graft-specific antibodies.1,4 This type of rejection occurs less frequently than cell-mediated acute rejection. Humoral rej ection is characterized by deposition of immunoglobulins and complement in allograft tissues. Treatment for this type of rejection is not well defined, yet several reports have shown that treatments such as plasmapheresis, immunoglobulin therapy, rituximab, and/or antithymocyte globulin maybe effective. 

Blobel, G., and Dobberstein, B. (1975a). Transfer of proteins across membranes. I. Presence of proteolytically processed and unprocessed nascent immunoglobulin light chains on membrane-bound ribosomes of murine myeloma. J. Cell Biol. 67, 835—851. 

Burns J, Hambridge M, Taylor CR. Intracellular immunoglobulins. A comparative study of three standard tissue processing methods using horseradish peroxidase and fluorochrome conjugates. J. Clin. Pathol. 1974 27 548-557. 

Antigen binding by a complementary immunoglobulin molecule on the surface of B cells starts a process of cellular internalization of the foreign substance by pinocytosis. Once internalized by endosomes, systematic processing of the antigen takes place which breaks it down into smaller components. 

Immunoglobulins (Igs) can activate the complement system, which amplifies the immune response by enhancing chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and release of lymphokines by mononuclear cells that are then presented to T lymphocytes. The processed antigen is recognized by the major histocompatibility complex proteins on the lymphocyte surface, resulting in activation of T and B cells. 

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