Ibuprofen delivery

Similar findings suggesting presystemic GI inversion with ibuprofen have been described by Avgerinos and Hutt [92]. However, a C ax S/R ratio alone does not unequivocally demonstrate inversion this is only demonstrated through an increase in ratio with an increase in 7) ax- Other laboratories have also shown a similar trend of increasing C ax S/R ratio with prolongation of T ax [93]. After administration of racemic ibuprofen to humans, the Tmax values for the enantiomers were found to be identical, but the mean Cmax for the S-ibuprofen exceeded that of the R-isomer [94]. Absorption rate dependency of ibuprofen inversion has also been demonstrated in the rat [95]. Theoretical proof of this presystemic inversion was put forward employing newly developed pharmacokinetic equations [96]. Furthermore, food-induced reduction of the rate of ibuprofen delivery may mimic the effect of a sustained release preparation and also supports the concept of presystemic GI inversion [97]. 

Mortera R, Fiorilli S, Garrone E, Veme E, Onida B (2010) Pores occlusion in MCM-41 spheres immersed in SBF and the effect on ibuprofen delivery kinetics a quantitative model. Chem Eng J 156(1) 184-192... 

The delivery curve of ibuprofen to simulated body fluid (SBF) from MCM-41 spheres in the low submicron range shows anomalies, which are ascribed to a temporary blocking of the pores, healed by the molecule itself. 

Ordered mesoporous silica have already been studied as carriers for drug delivery [1,2] recently, their use has also been proposed in bone tissue engineering [3,4], in combination with bioactive glass-ceramic scaffolds [5,6]. The kinetics of ibuprofen release in SBF [7] from MCM-41 silica with similar pore diameter has shown puzzling discontinuities [3,6,8] aim of the present work is to assess whether these anomalies may be related to structural changes in the MCM-41 mesoporous spheres under the adopted conditions. 

The use of polymeric nanoparticles in the eye has gained considerable interests in recent years. Ocular disposition, safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic profiles of various nanoparticles offer a wide range of application for the delivery of many drugs used to treat common ocular disorders. Polymeric nanoparticles have been utilized to enhance the performance of ibuprofen and cyclosporine, while reducing systemic side effect of carteolol compared with... 

Acetyls alley lie acid was shown to prevent cirrhosis under certain experimental conditions [125]. Naproxen and indomethacin partially protected against LPS and D-galactosamine-in-duced hepatotoxicity [126] Acetylsalicylic acid and ibuprofen were also protective in endo-toxic shock [127]. Endotoxaemia is one of the complications in cirrhotic patients [128] and is probably caused by an impaired ability of the liver to take up and detoxify gut-derived LPS [116]. The presence of portosystemic shunts in cirrhotic patients may also contribute to this spill-over of LPS into the systemic circulation [129]. NSAIDs, however, are also reported to provoke deleterious effects on renal function in cirrhosis [130], and can therefore not be used in cirrhotic patients. Cell-specific delivery of NSAIDs to SECs and/or KCs may make application of these drugs in cirrhosis feasible by circumventing the renal side-effects. 

Aulton, M.E. Dyer, A.M. Khan, K.A. The design of a controlled-release drug delivery system for ibuprofen in the form of a tablet comprising compacted polymer-coated millispheres. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm. 1994, 20 (20), 3069-3104. 

In a small comparison of ibuprofen and indometacin in preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus there was no apparent difference in the rate of patent ductus arteriosus closure ibuprofen did not impair cerebral hemodynamics or oxygenation, while indometacin impaired cerebral oxygen delivery (4). 

DL Theis, LJ Lucisano, GW Halstead. Use of stable isotopes for evaluation of drug delivery systems Comparison of ibuprofen release in vivo and in vitro from two biphasic release formulations utilizing different rate-controlling polymers. Pharm Res 11 1069—1076,1994. 

Pignatello R, Bucolo C, Ferrara P, Maltese A, Puleo A, Pugbsi G. Eudragit RSlOO nanosuspensions for the ophthalmic controlled delivery of ibuprofen. Eur J Pharm Sci 2002 16 53-61. 

Stott, P.W. Williams, A.C. Barry, B.W. Transdermal delivery from eutectic systems enhanced permeation of a model drug, ibuprofen. J. Control. Release 1998, 50, 297-308. 

Leaving the well known toxicity of chromium aside, the drug release study of MIL-101 and MIL-100 shows the potential of MOFs for not only the loading but also the controlled release of an imbedded compound [49]. MIL-101 is able to take up four times as much Ibuprofen as MCM-41, which has comparable cage sizes. It also shows a slower delivery rate, which presents advantages for larger... 

Eutectic mixtures of ibuprofen and terpene penetration enhancers have also been studied. The eutectic mixture results in superior penetration compared to that of an aqueous solution when the skin was pre-treated with terpenes. In addition to these results with ibuprofen [13], screening by thermal analysis has shown a number of other drug classes, which because of the formation of eutectic mixtures or solid solutions and resulting melting point depression, may be suitable for enhanced drug delivery. These drugs include ACE inhibitors, P-blockers and other antiinflammatory drugs [14,15]. 

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