1- -4-hydroxybenzene

Polycarbonate is a polyester in which dihydric (or polyhydric) phenols are joined through carbonate linkages. The general-purpose type of polycarbonate is based on 2,2-bis(4 -hydroxybenzene)propane (bisphenol A) and has the general structure ... 

Potassium phenol-4-sulfonate (4-hydroxybenzene-l-sulfonic acid K salt) [30145-40-5] M 212.3. Crystd several times from distilled water at 90°, after treatment with charcoal, by cooling to ca 10°. Dried at 90-100°. 

Chemical Designations - Synonyms Carbolic acid Hydroxybenzene Phenic acid Phenyl hydroxide Chemical Formula CjHjOH. 

Oxy-aldehyd, n, hydroxy aldehyde, -ammo-niak, n, oxyammonia (hydroxylamine), -azoverbindung, /. hydroxyazo compound, -benzol, n, hydroxybenzene (phenol), -bem-steinsaure. /, hydroxysuccinic acid (malic acid). -biazol, n. oxadiazole, oxdiazole. -bitumen, n, oxidized bitumen, -carbon-s ure, /, hydroxycarboxylic acid, -chlnoltn, n. hydroxyquinoline, -clunon, n. hydroxy-quinone. -chlorid, n. oxychloride, -chlor-kupfer, n. copper oxychloride, -cyan, n. oxycyanogen. 

A product consisting largely of 5-chloro-4-hydroxybenzene-1,3-disulfonyl chloride separates as a gum which solidifies on standing for about 1 hour. The solid product is collected on a Buchner funnel, washed with water and thoroughly dried in air at room temperature. 

Chemical Name 7 Cyclohexyl-N,N,N-triethyl-7-hydroxybenzene-propanaminium iodide Common Name Propethonium iodide tridihexethide Structural Formula ... 

Monosubstitution can occur at any one of the six equivalent carbons of the ring. Most of the monosubstituted benzenes have common names such as toluene (methylbenzene), phenol (hydroxybenzene), and aniline (aminobenzene). 

Phenol, CeHsOH (hydroxybenzene), is produced from cumene by a two-step process. In the first step, cumene is oxidized with air to cumene hydroperoxide. The reaction conditions are approximately 100-130°C and 2-3 atmospheres in the presence of a metal salt catalyst ... 

Aromatic substances, more than any other class of organic compounds, have acquired a large number of nonsystematic names. The use of such names is discouraged, but 1UPAC rules allow for some of the more widely used ones to be retained (Table 15.1). Thus, methylbenzene is known commonly as toluene hydroxybenzene, as phenol ami nobenzene, as aniline and so on. 

Direct hydroxylation of an aromatic ring to yield a hydroxybenzene (a phenol) is difficult and rarely done in the laboratory., but occurs much more frequently in biological pathways. An example is the hydroxylation of p-hydroxyphenyl acetate to give 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl acetate. The reaction is catalyzed by p-hydroxyphenylacctate-3-hydroxylase and requires molecular oxygen plus the coenzyme reduced flavin adenine dinucleotide, abbreviated FADH2. 

Phenols occur widely throughout nature and also serve as intermediates in the industrial synthesis of products as diverse as adhesives and antiseptics. Phenol itself is a general disinfectant found in coal tar methyl salicylate is a flavoring agent found in oil of wintergreen and the urushiols are the allergenic constituents of poison oak and poison ivy. Note that the word phenol is the name both of the specific compound hydroxybenzene and of a class of compounds. 

Write the formulas of the following compounds and state whether each one is a primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol or a phenol (a) Tchloro-2-hydroxybenzene ... 

The role of bacterial growth autoregulators (alkyl hydroxybenzenes) in the response of Staphylococci to stress. Microbiology, Vol.71, No.l, Qanuary 2002), pp.23-29, ISSN 1350-0872... 

Applications Sollinger and Sawatzki [793] have reported the use of TLC-Raman for routine applications, e.g. TLC of hydroxybenzenes (including hydro-quinone and pyrogallol) on conventional, silica gel and specific Raman-TLC plates (coated with spherical silica gel). Databases were used for identification of substances. Typical detection limits were in the low p,g region per application, Micro-Raman spectrometry has been employed in analysing TLC fractions from polymer additives within a detection limit... 

Phenol is an important chemical, from the point of its industrial and commercial applications, but is of great environmental apprehension due to its toxicity. Its chemical name is hydroxybenzene which is more acidic compared to aliphatic alcohols hence is also known as carbolic acid [4]. At ambient temperature and pressure it is a hygroscopic crystalline solid, which is colourless when pure [5] but... 

The first widely used synthetic polymer was phenol formaldehyde (Bakelite). It is made by heating phenol (C6H5OH—hydroxybenzene) together with formalde-hyde (H2CO).These react to yield a three-dimensionally cross-linked polymer. To reduce the brittleness of Bakelite, it is usually filled with fibers or platelets of an inert solid. It is a good electrical insulator, relatively hard, and thermally stable to a few hundred degrees Centigrade. Its hardness is 50-60 kg/ mm2 (Mott, 1956). 

Addition of a hydroxyl group to a six-carbon benzene ring yields 1-hydroxybenzene or phenol, which forms the basis of all subsequent phenolic compounds (Fig. 3.2). Resorcinol or 1,4-dihydroxybenzene is formed when a second hydroxyl group is added at the 4-position on the benzene ring. 

Pocklington and Hardstaff [432] react sediment samples with 1,3,5-tri-hydroxybenzene in alcoholic hydrochloric acid to produce a colour in the particulate lignins, facilitating their identification under the microscope. Samples high in lignins can then be subjected to the normal methods of analysis. This is an excellent screening technique (semi-quantitative). 

Allyl carbamide, al02 Allyl chloride, c236a Allyl cyanide, b482 Allyl glycidyl ether, a91 l-Allyl-2-hydroxybenzene, a94 Allyl iodide, i50... 

Hydrazobenzene, d757 Hydrindene, ilO Hydrocinnamic acid, pl50 Hydroquinone, d430 Hydroquinone dimethyl ether, d495 Hydroxyacetanilides, al5 thru al7 Hydroxybenzene, p65 2-Hydroxybenzenemethanol, hl07... 

Carbolic acid is the old-fashioned name for hydroxybenzene (VII), otherwise known as phenol. It was first used as an antiseptic to prevent the infection of post-operative wounds. The British surgeon Joseph (later Lord ) Lister (1827-1912) discovered these antiseptic qualities in 1867 while working as Professor of Medicine at the Glasgow Royal Infirmary. He squirted a... 

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