Hydrogen peroxide commercial availability

Commercially hydrogen peroxide is available in a variety of concentrations. The most important are aqueous solutions with 35, 50 and 70% by weight H2O2. The following statistics refer to 100% hydrogen peroxide . 

Hydrogen peroxide is available commercially in a variety of concentrations, with the most common aqueous solutions being 35, 50, and 70% by weight H202. The 1990 world capacity for H202 production was 850,000 tons, based on 100% H202 [108],... 

Hydrogen peroxide [7722-84-17, mol wt 34.016, is a strong oxidising agent commercially available in aqueous solution over a wide range of... 

Molecular Addition. Oxyacid salts, metal peroxides, nitrogen compounds, and others from crystalline peroxyhydrates in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. When dissolved in water, the peroxyhydrates react as solutions of their components. The peroxyhydrates formed from sodium carbonate and urea are commercially available. Examples of peroxyhydrates can be found in the Hterature (29,30). 

The following commercially available dialkyl peroxides are produced according to equations 24—27 di-Z fZ-butyl peroxide from hydrogen peroxide and sulfated tert-huty alcohol or isobutylene dicumyl peroxide from a-cumyl hydroperoxide and cumyl alcohol, cumyl chloride, and/or a-methylstyrene m- and -di(2-/ f2 -butylperoxyisopropyl)ben2ene [2781-00-2] from tert-huty hydroperoxide [75-91-2] and m- and -di(2-hydroxyisopropyl)ben2ene ... 

Perbora.tes, Sodium perborate [7632-04-4] is the most widely used soHd peroxygen compound. Commercially it is available as a tetrahydrate [10486-00-7] and a monohydrate [10322-33-9]. The tetrahydrate is produced by treating a borax solution with hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide ... 

Peracids are also available as aqueous solutions that contain the peracid in equihbrium with hydrogen peroxide and the parent acid. Peracetic acid [79-21-0] is commercially available as a 40% solution in dilute acetic acid. The water and dilution of the peracid make these solutions easier to handle than their sohd counterparts, but they still require careful handling and protection from heat. 

MIcrobiocldes. There are several microbiocides available commercially that can perform an effective function in controlling microbial activity. Some of these chemicals are inorganic, such as chlorine, sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, chromates and compounds of mercury and silver. However, the organic chemicals find the highest use as microbiocides. Some examples of these organic compounds are peracetic acid, paraformaldehyde, polychlorophenols and quaternary ammonium derivatives, to name a few [208]. 

Hydrogen peroxide is used by some water treatment systems to remove the disagreeable odor of sulfides in drinking water. It is available commercially in a 20.0% by mass aqueous solution. What is the mole fraction of H2Q2 ... 

Laboratory studies have generally focused on the diisopropyl, dicyclohexyl and di-t-butyl derivatives. These and the. s-butyl and 2-cthylhcxyl derivatives arc commercially available.189 The rates of decomposition of the peroxydicarbonates show significant dependence on the reaction medium and their concentration. This dependence is, however, less marked than for the diacyl peroxides (36) (see 3.3.1.1.4). Induced decomposition may involve a mechanism analogous to that described for diacyl peroxides. However, a more important mechanism for primary and secondary peroxydicarbonates involves abstraction of an cx-hydrogen (Scheme 3.31).190... 

More than 90% of commercially available enzyme-based biosensors and analytical kits contain oxidases as terminal enzymes responsible for generation of analytical signal. These enzymes catalyze oxidation of specific analyte with molecular oxygen producing hydrogen peroxide according to the reaction ... 

Figure 10 shows the instrumental setup used to implement the APP-CLS approach. It consists of (a) a CSTR that is a thermostated 10-mL glass reaction vessel accommodated in a commercially available spectrofluorimeter (a Hitachi F2000 model in this case) (b) a four-channel peristaltic pump with three channels used to dispense the reagent solutions and the fourth to keep the volume of the reaction mixture in the CSTR constant the three reagent solutions are as follows (1) 0.15 M hydrogen peroxide (2) 0.15 M sodium thiocyanate, 0.15 M sodium hydroxide, and 1.95 x 10 3 M luminol and (3) 6.0 x 10 4 M copper(II) sulfate ... 

Although specific data have not been published in the unclassified literature, preliminary studies indicate that reactive oximes and their salts, such as potassium 2,3-butanedione monoximate found in commercially available RSDL, are extremely effective at rapidly detoxifying GV-series nerve agents. Basic peroxides (e.g., a solution of baking soda, 30-50% hydrogen peroxide, and an alcohol) also rapidly detoxify GV-series agents. 

Peroxyacetic acid (CH3CO3H) is a weak oxidant. Strong solutions are potentially explosive and hazardous to store, although a 40 % solution in acetic acid is available commercially. Emmons prepared anhydrous solutions of peroxyacetic acid from the reaction of 90 %+ hydrogen peroxide with acetic anhydride in chloroform containing a trace of sulfuric acid. 

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