Hydrogen infrastructure, cost

Our scenario analysis is based on two Microsoft Excel -based models, which we developed for hydrogen infrastructure costs and vehicle scenario analysis. 

To study this buy-down process for hydrogen and fuel-cell vehicles, the Simplified Transition Model (STM) was used to aggregate costs over the entire fleet, based on the fuel-cell vehicle and hydrogen infrastructure costs previously described ... 

Shayegan, S., Hart, D., Pearson, P., Bauen, A., Joffe, D. (2004). Hydrogen infrastructure costs what are the important variables In "Hydrogen Power - Theoretical and Engineering Solutions, Proc. Hypothesis V, Porto Conte 2003" (Marini, M., Spazzafumo, G., eds.), pp. 499-508. Servizi Grafici Editoriali, Padova. 

A complete hydrogen pipeline infrastructure would include both transmission and distribution to minimize the overall hydrogen transport cost [6], When one considers the cost for pipeline infrastructure, there will be some semioptimized operating pressure range that determines the overall costs, including the cost of compression based on the distance... 

The delivered cost of hydrogen from natural gas would need to become competitive with the delivered cost of gasoline. The infrastructure costs must be managed over time with total estimates reaching a trillion dollars or more. 

A study by Argonne National Laboratory estimates infrastructure costs for fueling about 40% of the vehicles on the road with hydrogen could be close to 600 billion. Building an initial production capacity in the United States could cost 10 billion by 2015 and 230 to 400 billion by 2030. Building the distribution system could add 175 billion by 2030. 

In 1998 a report prepared for the California Air Resources Board (CARB) called Status and Prospects of Fuel Cells as Automotive Engines favored methanol fuel cell stacks in cars over a direct-hydrogen infrastructure. Hydrogen is not as ready for private automobiles because of the difficulties and costs of storing hydrogen on board and the large investments that would be required to make hydrogen more available. 

Hydrogen transport in natural-gas pipelines Several studies discuss the use of existing natural-gas pipelines to transmit either pure hydrogen with modifications or hydrogen and natural gas blends, because the hydrogen transport costs could be considerably reduced if the natural-gas infrastructure could be adapted to hydrogen. 

Figure 14.18 shows the average specific hydrogen costs (including feedstock, production, transport and refuelling), and the cumulated investment in hydrogen infrastructure aggregated for all countries for the FlyWays base case scenario. 

Scenario analysis of US hydrogen infrastructure and vehicle costs... 

The SSCHISM hydrogen infrastructure model (Yang and Ogden, 2007a b) designs and costs of an H2 infrastructure to meet a specified market penetration for FCVs. 

The STM (Simplified Transition Model) estimates investment to bring hydrogen FCV costs to competitive levels, investment costs for building H2 infrastructure, GHG-emission reductions and oil savings over time. 

Based on input assumptions to be described below, these two models are used to calculate the costs of fuel-cell vehicles and hydrogen infrastructure and estimate the benefits in terms of reductions in C02 emissions and oil consumption. 

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