Hydrogen future trends

The major function of a bipolar plate, or simply called "plate," is to connect each cell electrically and to regulate the reactant gas (typically, hydrogen and air in a hydrogen fuel cell) or reactant liquid (typically, methanol in a DMFC) and liquid or gas coolant supply as well as reaction product removal in desired patterns. This plate must be at least electrically conductive and gas and/or liquid tightened. Considering these important functions and the larger fraction of volume, weight, and cost of the plate in a fuel cell, it is worthwhile to construct this chapter with emphasis on the current status and future trend in bipolar plate research and development, mainly for the plate materials and fabrication process. 

Johnson GRA, Nazhat NB, Saadalla-Nazhat RA (1988) Reaction of the aquacopper(l) ion with hydrogen peroxide. Evidence for a Cu111 (cupryl) intermediate. J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 184 501-510 Jonah CD, Rao BSM (2001) Radiation chemistry. Present status and future trends. Elsevier, Amsterdam... 

Production of Hydrogen for the Commercial Market Current and Future Trends... 

Future trends in reduction of substituted nitrobenzenes will probably be based on novel catalysts. Homogenous transition metal (ruthenium and rhodium) catalysts offer routes to chemospecific reduction of aromatic nitro groups16. Novel catalytic methods involving combinatorial chemistry may offer pathways to new industrial hydrogenation processes, where selective reduction is desired. A number of solution- and solid-phase C /Mo0 redox couple reductions of substituted nitroarenes to the corresponding anilines have been proposed17. 

Some idea of the future trend of methylation analysis can, perhaps, be gained from the work of Perila and Bishop, who have used the method to study oligosaccharides obtained by the enzymic hydrolysis of jack-pine mannan. The oligosaccharides (0.5-2.0 mg.) were methylated by the Kuhn procedure, refluxed with methanolic hydrogen chloride, and the resulting methyl 0-methylglycosides analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by gas-liquid chromatography. 

P.K. Moore, M. Bhatia, and S. Moochhala, Hydrogen sulfide from the smell of the past to the mediata-of the future TRENDS Pharma. Sci. 24, 609-611 (2003). 

Ursua, A., Gandia, L.M., and Sanchis, P. Hydrogen production from water electrolysis current status and future trends. Proceedings of the IEEE, 100(2), 410e26, February... 

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