Hydrocarbon soils

Leaking underground storage tanks (LUSTs) are the most frequent causes of regulations for issues related to total petroleum hydrocarbons. Soil contamination has been a growing concern, because it can be a source of groundwater (drinking... 

Inter facial Parameters in the Detersive System. Three phases are present in the detergency system in this study a PEG (fiber), a hydrocarbon (soil), and an aqueous surfactant (bath) phase. These three phases meet to form three binary interfaces, whose interfacial energetic properties vary as a function of LAS homolog molecular weight. 

Sand and gravel Initial measured PAHs 6.0g/kg + oil + petroleum hydrocarbons Soil moisture 50-70% of WHC Mahaffey el al. (1991)... 

Solid hydrocarbon soils can be rapidly removed from the surface of a ZnSe IRE by alkyl polyethylene oxide) surfactants. The removal mechanism involves penetration of a small amount of the surfactant into the hydrocarbon layer, which causes an increase in methylene chain defects in the soil, and displacement of solid soil from the substrate. Solubilization of a large fraction of the solid soil is not required. 

Figure 14. UV monitoring of a petroleum hydrocarbon soil biological treatment.

Different analytical techniques have been developed to evaluate quantities of organic pollutants using electrochemical techniques based on solvent polarities. Changes in the resistance of ionic transference originating from pollutants in the form of hydrocarbons present in soil are verified with the use of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Good response of EIS for evaluating hydrocarbon-type pollutants in industrial waste soils was verified across the hydrocarbon-soil interface (Fig. la), where the clean soil showed increased... 

An inqxirtant feature of die phase behavior of sterns containing water, surfactants, and hydrocarbon soils is the existence of microemulsions (see Section 12.2), which are tbermotfynamically stable liquid phases containing substantial amounts of both water and oil. 

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