Hyaluronidase enzymes

A vertebrate homologue of the cell cycle control protein CDC37 was recently cloned and found to be an hyaladherin,62 as was a protein that copurified with the splicing factor SF2.63 An intracellular form of the HA receptor RHAMM was demonstrated to regulate erk kinase activity. Changes in function of these intracellular, depending on whether or not they have HA molecules attached, confers another layer of complexity dependent on intracellular hyaluronidase enzymes. 

Further Analyses of the Vertebrate Hyaluronidase Enzyme Family... 

The hyaluronidase enzymes from vertebrate tissues occur in a number of isoforms. The biological significance of these isoforms is not known, nor is it understood how they participate in the catabolic scheme. 

As SF of healthy human exhibits no activity of the hyaluronidase enzyme, it has been inferred that oxygen-derived free radicals are involved in a self-perpetuating process... 

The object of investigation was a CHT specimen produced by the company Bioprogress (Russia) and obtained by acetic deacetylation of crab chitin with a molecular weight of M =l 13000. As the enzyme preparation was used hyaluronidase enzyme preparation ( Liraze ) production of Microgen (Moscow, Russia). The concentration of the enzyme preparation was 0.1,0.2 and 0.3 g/L. Acetic acid of 1 g/ concentration was used as a solvent. CHT concentration in solution ranged from 0.1 to 5 g/dL. 

Recently, according to the paper by Sunitha and coworkers [31], an excellent inhibitory action of GSH against hyaluronidase enzymes was demonstrated. Thus, applying GSH during the isolation of high MW HA by extraction procedures from tissues contaminated by hyaluronidases or other media containing trace amounts of transition metals is an important new step. 

Enzymes Degrading Macromolecules. Enzymes that degrade macromolecules such as membrane polysaccharides, stmctural and functional proteins, or nucleic acids, have all shown oncolytic activity. Treatment strategies include the treatment of inoperable tumors with pepsin (1) antitumor activity of carboxypeptidase (44) cytotoxicity of ribonudease (45—47) oncolytic activity of neuraminidase (48—52) therapy with neuraminidase of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (53) antitumor activity of proteases (54) and hyaluronidase treatment in the management of human soHd tumors (55). 

The PL-catechin conjugate showed greatly amplified concentration-dependent inhibition activity against bacterial collagenase (ChC) on the basis of the catechin unit, which is considered to be due to effective multivalent interaction between ChC and the catechin unit in the conjugate. The kinetic study suggests that this conjugate is a mixed-type inhibitor for ChC. Hyaluronidase is an enzyme which catalyzes hydrolysis of hyaluronic acid and is often involved in a number... 

Hyaluronic Add Sulfate.—Meyer and Chaffee108 showed that this mucopolysaccharide of the cornea was a true derivative of hyaluronic acid, since it could be hydrolyzed enzymically by what is now known as hyaluronidase. ... 

Daoust R. Histochemical localization of enzyme activities by substrate film methods Ribonucleases, proteases, amalyses and hyaluronidase. Int Rev Cytol 1965 18 191-221. 

Protease inhibitors are generally employed as enzyme inhibitors [98]. These include aprotinin [99], bestatin [100], chondroitinase [101], and hyaluronidase [101]. According to several published reports, these inhibitors appear to lack adequate effectiveness when administered simultaneously with various peptides in vivo [99,101]. 

Nonsurfactants, e.g., l-dodecylazacycloheptane-2-one (azone), salicylates, sulfoxides Enzymes, e.g., phopholipases, hyaluronidases, neuraminidase, chondroitinase ABC... 

This enzyme [EC 4.2.2.1], also known as hyaluronidase, catalyzes the conversion of hyaluronate to n 3-(4-deoxy-... 

Food, Drug and Cosmetics Act—approves, for example, human growth hormone (hGFI), insulin, enzymes (e.g., hyaluronidase, urokinase)... 

The acrosome reaction is the loss of the acrosomal and plasma membranes in the acrosome region and the release of acrosin, hyaluronidase and other enzymes that disperse the cumulus complex and allow the sperm to penetrate the zona pellucida. After capacitation and the acrosome reaction, sperm penetrate the extracellular cumulus matrix and bind with zona protein 3, a heavily glycosylated protein of the zona pellucida. The first segment of the sperm to make contact with the oolemma is usually the inner acrosomal membrane, followed by the postacrosomal region. The plasma membrane of the sperm attaches to microvilli on the oolemma. Sperm-egg fusion is apparent from reduced movement of the sperm tail (Yanagimachi, 1970,1988 Takano et al.,... 

Pretreatment of the muscle with enzymes such as hyaluronidase enhances the electroporation effect thus allowing a reduction in the field strength and consequently reducing the myofiber damage associated with electroporation (251). This raises the efficiency to the equivalent of the best that can be achieved with local delivery using the best viral vector. 

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