Human liver primary structure

Hempel J, Kaiser R, Jdmvall H. Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase from human liver primary structure, differences in relation to the cytosolic enzyme and functional correlations. Eur J Biochem 1985 153 13-28. 

Hempel, J., von Bahr-Lindstrom, H., and Jornvall, H., Aldehyde dehydrogenase from human liver primary structure of the cytoplasmic isoenzyme, Eur. J. Biochem., 141, 21-35, 1984. 

L9. Levanon, D., Danciger, E., Dafni, N., Bernstein, Y., Elson, A., Moens, W., Brandeis, M., and Groner, Y The primary structure of human liver type phosphofructokinase and its comparison with other type PFK. DNA 8,733-743 (1989). 

Levanon D, Danciger E, Dafiii N, Bernstein Y, Elson A, Moens W, et al. The primary structure of human liver type phosphofructoldnase and its comparison with other types of PFK. DNA 1989 8 733-43. 

Yeast and mammalian alcohol dehydrogenases differ in substrate specificity and catalytic activity. The yeast enzyme is more specific for acetaldehyde and ethanol, but mammalian enzymes have a broad substrate specificity, and even with primary alcohols maximum activity is not observed with ethanol. Because of the large amount of alcohol dehydrogenase present in human liver and its role in alcohol metabolism in man, human liver alcohol dehydrogenase is of particular interest. It was first purified by Wartburg et and crystallized by Mourad and Woronick. Human liver alcohol dehydrogenase is a dimer with subunit structures analogous to those of horse liver, and each subunit probably contains two zinc atoms. Several different types of human ADH have been isolated. with minor variations in amino acid... 

The hepatic 31 kDa a-TTP is a cytosolic protein that has been purified and found to exist as two charge isoforms (Kuhlenkamp et al, 1993). The primary structures of a-TTP from rat liver (Sato et al, 1993) and human liver (Arita et al, 1995) have been determined and found to have a structural homology with retinaldehyde-binding protein (Sato et al, 1993). It is now known that a defect in a-TTP is the cause of ataxia (a nervous disorder characterized by the inability to coordinate muscular movement) associated with familial isolated vitamin E deficiency (Traber etal, 1990c Schuelke etal, 1999). Recent work also indicates that a-TTP is very important for the normal development of placental labyrinthine trophoblasts the placenta of female mice deficient in a-TTP was found to be extremely impaired and the embryos died at mid-gestation (Jishage et al, 2001). 

Knowledge of protein primary sequence, quantities, posttranslational modifications (PTMs), structures, protein-protein (P-P) interactions, cellular spatial relationships, and functions are seven important attributes (see Table 4.2) needed for comprehensive protein expression analysis. It is this multifold and complex nature of protein attributes that has spawned the development of so different many proteomic technologies. Some of these challenges in proteomic analysis include defining the identities and quantities of an entire proteome in a particular spatial location (i.e., serum, liver mitochondria, brain), the existence of multiple protein forms and complexes, the evolving structural and functional annotations of the human and rodent... 

---