5-HTTLPR

Arias, B., Catalan, R. et al. (2003). 5-HTTLPR polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene predicts non-remission in major depression patients treated with citalopram in a 12-weeks follow up study. /. Clin. Psychopharmacol, 23(6), 563-7. 

Zanardi, R., Serretti, A. etal. (2001). Factors affecting fluvoxamine antidepressant activity influence of pindolol and 5-HTTLPR in delusional and nondelusional depression. Biol. Psychiatry, 50(5), 323-30. 

The genotypes of 5-HTTLPR are classified into two groups (1) carriers of the 1 allele (1/1 and 1/s genotypes) and (2) carriers of the s/s genotype, because the 1 allele has been reported to have a higher 5-HTT density and activity than the s allele (Heils etal, 1996 Lesch etal, 1996). 

Pollock etal. (2000) SERT (5-HTTLPR) Paroxetine, nortriptyline... 

Mann, J. J., Huang, Y., Underwood, M. D. et al. A serotonin transporter gene promoter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) and prefrontal cortical binding in major depression and suicide. Arch. Gen. Psych. 57 729-738, 2000. 

Rocchi, A., Micheli, D., Ceravolo, R., et al. (2003) Serotoninergic polymorphisms (5-HTTLPR and 5-HT2A) association studies with psychosis in Alzheimer disease. Genet. Test. 7, 309-314. 

Yu YW, Tsai SJ, Chen TJ, Lin CH, Hong CJ (2002) Association study of the serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism and symptomatology and antidepressant response in major depressive disorders. Mol Psychiatry 7 1115-1119 Zanardi R, Benedetti F, Di Bella D, Catalano M, Smeraldi E (2000) Efficacy of paroxetine in depression is influenced by a functional polymorphism within the promoter of the serotonin transporter gene. J Clin Psychopharmacol 20 105-107 Zanardi R, Serretti A, Rossini D, et al (2001) Factors affecting fluvoxamine antidepressant activity influence of pindolol and 5-HTTLPR in delusional and nondelusional depression. Biol Psychiatry 50 323-330... 

The report of 5-HTTLPR allelic association with severity in specific domains of autistic behavior (Tordjman et ah, 2001) raises two general issues. First, the use of overall response as the end point in pharmaco-genetic studies may not be sufficiently specific to identify an association between response and genotype. The... 

Initial pharmacogenetic studies of serotonin transporter gene (HTT) variants used case-control methods and have generated disparate results in different populations. Positive association of the promoter VNTR polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) with clinical response to fluvoxamine was seen in Italian patients with bipolar or unipolar delusional depression subjects with one or... 

Based on existing findings, there are many important hypotheses in pediatric psychopharmacogenetics. Selective serotonin transporter inhibitors have been shown to have efficacy in double-blind studies in children and/ or adolescents in the treatment of autism, major depression, OCD, and anxiety disorders. Given the association of the serotonin transporter promoter variant with SSRI treatment response in adult depression (Smeraldi et ah, 1998), all of the SSRI-responsive phenotypes should be tested for promoter variant influence on response using family-based or population-based controlled association studies. The report of strong 5-HTTLPR allelic effects on SSRI-induced mania (Mundo et ah, 2000) is of special interest given frequent SSRI-induced activation in children. 

Auerbach, J., Geller, V., Lezer, S., Shinwell, E., Belmaker, R.H., Levine, J., and Ebstein, R. (1999) Dopamine D4 receptor (D4DR) and serotonin transporter promoter (5-HTTLPR) polymorphisms in the determination of temperament in 2-month-old infants. Mol Psychiatry 4 369-373. 

Serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) BRCA gene BRCA1 and 2 genes Viral DNA DMD gene Tetanus toxin C fragment Uracil Uracil ATP ATP Guanine Des-Tyr-Leu-enkephalin Des-Tyr-Leu-enkephalin Tri-, tetra-, penta-, octa-peptides... 

HTTLPR (s) Vmax, decreased Reduced gene transcription OCD, ADHD, depression... 

Alcoholism is characterized by the development of tolerance, craving, and withdrawal (Heinz et al., 2004). Repeated exposure to alcohol results in neuroadaptive changes in the central dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (Heinz et al., 2004). Several studies have directly implicated DAT and SERT in alcoholism. A reduction in SERT expression was found in a sample of alcoholic patients (Heinz et al., 1998) and a high frequency of the short 5-HTTLPR was observed in alcoholic patients (Hammoumi et al., 1999). Studies in rodents demonstrated an ethanol-induced... 

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