Hospital drugs

Recycled condensate often is of higher quality than FW, although in facilities with extremely long runs of steam and condensate lines, or where amine treatments are not used (e.g., some food processors, hospitals, drug manufacturers, etc.) and in high heat-flux power boiler plants, there is a tendency for the condensate to be contaminated by iron and smaller levels of copper. 

Hunziker, T., Kunyi, U.P., Braunschweig, S., Zehnder, D. and Hoigne, R. (1977). Comprehensive hospital drug monitoring (CHDM) adverse skin reactions, a 20-year survey. Allergy, 52 388-393. 

In this analysis, pharmaceutical spending includes spending on prescription drugs dispensed outside of hospitals. Drugs prescribed in hospitals are part of hospitals budgets and cannot be distinguished from other hospital services. Over-the-counter drugs are also excluded. 

Supreme Court Strikes Down Secret Hospital Drug Testing... 

Direct costs are the resources consumed in the prevention, detection, or treatment of a disease or illness. These costs can be divided into direct medical and direct nonmedical costs. Direct medical costs are specific monetary transactions associated with paying for medical care, such as hospitalizations, drugs, medical supplies, and physician visits. Direct nonmedical costs involve monetary transactions for required items or services that do not involve purchase of medical care. Examples include transportation to medical facilities, special foods, and the time that family members miss work to care for others. 

The status of laboratory animals in universities, hospitals, drug companies, and other research facilities is monitored by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) under the provisions of the Animal Welfare Act (AWA). The AWA has been amended three times since its passage in 1966. In 1985, an amendment was added that requires... 

A clinical study of hospitalized drug-treated patients found many suffering from mental deterioration typical of a chronic organic brain syndrome that the researchers labeled dysmentia (Wilson et ah, 1983). Tardive dysmentia consists of unstable mood, loud speech, and [inappropriately close] approach to the examiner. It is probably a variant of hypomanic dementia.1 The mental abnormalities in the study by Wilson et al. (1983) correlated positively with TD symptoms measured on the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale. In addition, length of neuroleptic treatment correlated with three measures of dementia unstable mood, loud speech, and euphoria. The authors stated, It is our hypothesis that certain of the behavioral changes observed in schizophrenic patients over time represent a behavioral equivalent of tardive dyskinesia, which we will call tardive dysmentia (p. 188). The tendency in the literature, perhaps in search of a euphemism, has been to use the term tardive dysmentia even when a full-blown dementing syndrome is described. 

Gelman, S. (1984). Mental hospital drugs, professionalism, and the constitution. Georgetown Law Journal, 72, 1725-1784. 

There is growing harmonization among the provinces however, there is still no national, standardized, and interchangeable list of drugs for ambulatory care use. In hospitals, drugs that are administered are paid for by Medicare. Each province has interesting and different features in its drug benefit plan. 

Netter P, Trechot P, Bannwarth B, Faure G, Royer RJ. Effets secondaires de la D-penicillamine et du pyritinol. Etude cooperative des centers de pharmacovigi-lance hospitaliere frangais. [Side effects of D-penicillamine and pyritinol. Cooperative study among French hospital drug surveillance centers.] Therapie 1985 40(6) 475-9. 

Sulfonamides have adverse effects on all bone marrow-derived cell lines. The resulting disturbances include hemolytic anemia, folate deficiency anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and pancytopenia. While adverse effects on erythrocytes are rare, the rates of leukopenia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia are highly variable. In a hospital drug monitoring program, leukopenia or neutropenia occurred in 0.4% of 1809 patients treated with co-trimox-azole (54), and thrombocytopenia of mild-to-moderate degree in 0.1% (54,55), similar to figures recorded in other studies (56,57). Pancytopenia is an extremely rare form of adverse reaction to sulfonamides (58). 

Widmer P, Maibach R, Kunzi UP, Capaul R, Mueller U, Galeazzi R, Hoigne R. Diuretic-related hypokalaemia the role of diuretics, potassium supplements, glucocorticoids and beta 2-adrenoceptor agonists. Results from the comprehensive hospital drug monitoring programme, berne (CHDM). Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1995 49(1-2) 31-6. 

Horn, J.R. Christensen, D.B. deBlaquire, P.A. Evaluation of a digoxin pharmacokinetic monitoring service in a community hospital. Drug Intell. Clin. Pharm. 1985, 19, 45 52. 

UACrf To describe program and determine cost savings from clinical pharmacy services provided in rehabilitation clinic OD None None DCA Reduced hospital drug costs by 2700 during 6-mo study Input costs not considered... 

Mueller, B.A. Abel, S.R. Impact of college of pharmacy-based educational services within the hospital. Drug Intell. Clin. Pharm. 1990, 24, 422-425. 

Wing, D.S. Duff, H.J. Evaluation of therapeutic drug monitoring program for theophylline in a teaching hospital. Drug Intell. Clin. Pharm. 1987, 21, 702-706. 

Governments are increasingly worried about the rise in health care expenditure. The pharmaceutical industry would say that drugs provide the best possible value within that system and permit treatment at home of patients who would otherwise be costing much more in hospital. Drugs... 

Hunziker T, Kunzi U, Braunschweig S, et al. Comprehensive hospital drug monitoring Adverse drug reactions—A 20-year survey. Allergy 1997 52 388-393. 

Jean Ann Tonich was strongly cautioned to abstain from alcohol immediately and to improve her nutritional status. In addition, Jean Ann was referred to the hospital drug and alcohol rehabilitation unit for appropriate psychological therapy and supportive social counseling. The physician also arranged for a follow-up office visit in 2 weeks. 

TABLE 1-31. DRUGS COMMONLY INCLUDED IN A HOSPITAL DRUGS OF ABUSE PANEL ... 

Ritchie LD, Grant SMT. Tamoxifen-warfarin interaction the Aberdeen hospitals drug file. BW 9Z9) 298,1253. 

F. Stocker, Comprehensive Hospital Drug Monitoring, Zieglerspital, CH-3007 Bern... 

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