Honey history

The natural history of Hymenoptera venom anaphylaxis, that is the risk to develop anaphylaxis again when re-stung, has been analyzed in several prospective studies (table 3) [35-37], and in placebo or whole-body extract treated controls of prospective studies on venom immunotherapy [38-40]. It is higher in patients with a history of severe as compared to mild systemic anaphylactic reactions, and in honey bee than in vespid venom-allergic patients - most likely because of the smaller and less constant amoimt of venom applied by vespids [10,41]. A short interval between two stings increases the risk of anaphylaxis [25], but severe anaphylaxis may occur again even after intervals of 10-20 years or more. 

Sting provocation tests are often considered to be the gold standard, although they are less reliable in vespids than in honey bees [35-37, 41, 43]. They are commonly used to assure the efficacy of venom immunotherapy, but are generally considered as unethical in untreated patients with a history of venom anaphylaxis. 

The crystallization of turanose was first reported by Pacsu and the writer24 as follows In 1918 one of us (H.) found an abundant supply of the rare melezitose in a certain kind of honeydew honey and from it he prepared a small quantity of sirupy turanose in the hope of crystallizing it. Other samples of turanose sirup were prepared subsequently from this stock of melezitose by other workers in the same laboratory. Recently it was observed by D. H. Brauns that one of these sirups, the exact history of which is not now known, had crystallized after standing many years. By the use of these crystals to nucleate turanose sirups which we have lately prepared from melezitose, it has been possible to obtain a rapid crystallization of the sugar in abundant quantities. To this quotation the writer can now add the information, kindly supplied recently by Mr. C. F. Walton, Jr., that Mr. Walton prepared the other samples of turanose sirup. ... 

In this paper we present a brief history of the use of sulfathiazole, Terramycin , and Fumidil-B as antimicrobials in beekeeping. Included are some results of our published research, as well as some of our new research in which we show why the precautions - stated explicitly on the current Terramycin label to assure that honey intended for human consumption is free of trace amounts of drug residues - also implicitly apply to medicated colonies from which pollen may be collected for human consumption. 

Three thousand six hundred years ago, remedies such as honey and terebinth resin started to be used, and, since then, have been used all along history. The second recipe illustrates the mix of magic or religious practices and treatment. 

Sixteen adult patients with a history of recurrent attacks of herpetic lesions, eight labial and eight genital, were treated by topical application of honey for one attack and acyclovir cream for another attack. 

Throughout history, certain plants, as well as virtually every anatomical component of animals and humans, have been ascribed some curative property earthworms rolled in honey for the treatment of gastritis owl brain for headache sheep brain for insomnia deer heart for heart disease fox lung for tuberculosis goat liver for jaundice powdered human skull or the fresh blood of a dying Christian gladiator for epilepsy rabbit testicles for bladder disease and, of course, for impotence and cow dung for eye infections, to name but a few. 

Honey-colored crusted plaques with bullae, but may begin as vesicles regional distribution, mild or no systemic symptoms History of medication exposure generalized rash... 

Since some of these medications were given orally, solid dosage forms were already prepared early in human history by the tribal medicine people, because fine powders can not be swallowed easily and the concoctions often had a bad taste. To that end, the powdered drugs were mixed with binders, for example starch (flour) and water or honey, and rolled into spherical pills. Honey was often also used to mask the taste. Because the pills thus produced were still sticky after rolling, they were sometimes coated, for example with pollen, to render them dry and easily storable. 

It has been recognized throughout the history of the medicinal use of honey that not all honeys are the same (48). Certainly all honeys have a high sugar content, which inhibits bacterial growth, and all are acidic in nature with a pH of... 

Mayor, Adrienne Mad Honey Archaeology, Vol 48, No 6, November/December 1995 Mazumdar, Akshoy Kumar The Hindu History ... 

Waller, G.D. Honey bee life history. http //maarec.cas.psu.edu/bkCD/ HBBiology/life history.htm References. 

The U.S. Army Chemical Research and Development Center provided 11 Southeast Asian samples for this study as unknowns, that is, with no sample history or identification known to the analysts at the time of analysis. The analytical task was to determine whether these samples were pollen, bee feces, or some other unrelated material. For purposes of comparison, a set of known materials was constructed consisting of bee feces, pollens, beeswax, and honey — 20 samples of different origins obtained from various sources. 

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