Homogenisation effect

Frequently expression rolls were combined with an upright or horizontal pug mill or with an inclined-fitted auger extruder, so as to utilize the mixing and homogenising effect of these machines, which of course could not be achieved by the expression rolls (Fig. 7). The first vertical expression... 

For good ozone resistance the EPDM must be dispersed as finely as possible. The blending conditions are therefore decisively important. In this connection Mitchell recommends that carbon black, plasticisers, and activators be added exclusively to the EPDM. Other authors recommend the addition of chemicals which have homogenising effects. Good resistance to ozone can be obtained with blends containing 30-35 % EPDM but in many cases, where resistance to swelling is important, the proportion of EPDM cannot exceed 20%. Because of this waxes and antiozonants have to be included (Fig. 5). ... 

The ferritic steels may also undergo intercrystalline corrosion as a result of grain boundary carbide formation. In the normal softened state (treated i 800 C) the carbon is largely precipitated and the ferrite composition homogenised so that further heating at lower temperatures has no adverse effect. During solution treatment above 950 C, however, carbon is redissolved. Sensitisation can then occur at lower temperatures but the rate is so rapid that it can only be suppressed by very rapid cooling which is not practically feasible. Thus weld decay is very possible in service unless a remedial... 

Marine fouling leading to the local production of HjS increases crack growth rate, but what the effect is when combined with CP is uncertain. Some of the factors mentioned earlier in connection with other steel corrosion problems are important to sulphide stress-corrosion cracking, (SSCC), eg. compositions, particularly C which usefully can be reduced to below 0.05%, S, microstructure and segregation . Compositional homogenisation by heat treatment can be beneficial ", whilst the presence of Cu in the... 

Assist the widely dissimilar ingredients used in a rubber compound to coalesce and mix into a homogeneous uniform processable mass. Homogenisers are low-MW polymeric resin blends. The homogenising resin blend contains portions that are compatible with aliphatic, naphthenic and aromatic parts of the elastomers in a blend and higher-MW homologues of the plasticisers. They have a wetting effect. Fatty acid derivatives and phenolic resins are used. 

Homogenisation with respect to temperature This effectively means that if conditions are to be adiabatic (or nearly so), the outer layers of the mixture which are in contact with the vessel and the gas phase must be mixed with the bulk so effectively that no important temperature difference persists. If a reaction mixture is to be kept isothermal, the stirring must be even more effective, and there is a danger that the stirrer mechanism may dissipate so much energy that the heat generated in the solution becomes appreciable. 

If an emulsion is prepared by homogenising two pure liquid components, phase separation will usually be rapid, especially if the concentration of the dispersed phase is at all high. To prepare reasonably stable emulsions, a third component - an emulsifying agent (or emulsifier) - must be present. The materials which are most effective as emulsifying (and foaming) agents can be broadly classified as ... 

Hardham, J.F., Imison, B.W., French, H.M. 2000. Effect of homogenisation and microfluidisation on the extent of fat separation during storage of UHT milk. Aust. J. Dairy Technol. 55, 16-22. 

Noda, M., Yamamoto, H. 1996. The effect of homogenisation on the physical properties of whip cream. Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku Kogaku Kiashi. 43, 896-903. 

Sharma, R., Dalgleish, D.G. 1994. Effects of heat treatments on the incorporation of milk serum proteins into the fat globule membrane of homogenised milk. J. Dairy Res. 61, 375-384. 

Whitnah, C.H., Rutz, W.D., Fryer, H.C. 1956. Some physicochemical properties of milk. III. Effects of homogenisation pressures on the viscosity of whole milk. J. Dairy Sci. 39, 1500-1505. 

Mahaut, M., Korolczuk, J. 2002. Effect of homogenisation of milk and shearing of milk gel on the viscosity of fresh cheeses obtained by ultrafiltration of coagulated milk. Industries Alim. 

Oommen, B.S., Mistry, V.V., Nair, M.G. 2000. Effect of homogenisation of cream on composition, yield, and functionality of Cheddar cheese made from milk supplemented with ultrafiltered milk. Lait 80, 77-91. 

An overall review of extrusion tooling has been made covering twin strand extrusion, cost effective tooling, flow and cooling simulation and melt homogenisation (157). 

As adenylate cyclase is probably oriented within the membrane with receptors exposed on the outside and catalytic components on the inside, the formation of vesicles on homogenisation result in the expression of artifactual properties. Thus inside-out vesicles reduce or prevent hormone interaction and right-side-out vesicles effectively reduce total enzyme activity if the vesicles were impervious to the exogenous substrate. 

When optimising. conibustion conditions for the test oils, i.a., the following effects of oil grade were found feedstock and/or pyrolysis process yields various reactivities of oil components, which may cause blockages in the feed line, oil age/unhomogenity yields uneven combustion, methanol addition homogenises pyrolysis oil and improves combustion, solids content affects mainly the amount of incombustibles, and an increase in water content reduces NO emissions and increases particle and soot emissions. 

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