History and expectation

Before agreeing to the introduction of the new way of thinking, it is necessary to understand the development process in chemical engineering. The American 

Chemical engineering has often been referred to as a study in methodology. The author, however, doubts the veracity of such a statement. Approaches in chemical engineering, as observed by the author, are determined by individual pheno-mena/processes, and each of these phenomena/processes is studied individually. Moreover, associated or related phenomena/processes are not considered, despite them being a part of the same chemical engineering field. In fact, the author was unable to perceive an obvious connection between such methods and therefore believes that chemical engineering is clearly not a study in methodology that is based on a consistent viewpoint. 

The phenomena that are studied in chemical engineering can be classified into two groups  

The classification into warp (means) and woof (aims) has been described earlier. Further, the AIChE Journal has listed the following nine major topical areas in the instruction for contributors  

Such classification into subject areas depends on the journal and it can be said that there will be as many classifications of subject areas as the number of journals. In such a case, it is difficult to establish independent areas for human 

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Performance analysis Provide up-to-the-minute reporting of actual manufacturing operations results, along with comparisons to past history and expected results. Performance results include such measurements as resource utilization, resource availability, product unit cycle time, conformance to schedule, and performance to standards. Performance analysis may include SPC/ SQC analysis, and may draw from information gathered by different control functions that measure operating parameters. 

Each format description that follows includes its domain (the elements that are covered), its history and expected future path, distinctive characteristics, and a short example. Format description references can be found at the end of the chapter. 

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