Histochemical reaction

Lillie RD, Pizzolato P, Dessauer HC, et al. Histochemical reactions at tissue arginine sites with alkaline solutions of /J-naphthoquinone-4-sodium sulfonate and other o-quinones and oxidized o-diphenols. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 1971 19 487 197. 

Streefkerk JG, van der Ploeg M. 1976. Model studies on quantitative aspects of histochemical reactions on peroxidase, with special reference to the effect of methanol on peroxidase activity. Annal Histochem 21 67-75. 

In D. dendriticum, a number of types of presumptive aminergic synapses have been described (277) (Fig. 2.10). Evidence that the dense-core granules in this and other species may contain storage granules of a monoamine such as noradrenaline ( = norepinephrine), dopamine or 5-HT is based on microspectrofluorometric analysis, histochemical reactions and biochemical analysis (206, 277, 295-297). 

Table 7.3. Hymenolepis nana histochemical reactions of the embryonic envelopes of the egg. (Data from Fairweather ... 

In heavily infected fish, the cestodes were so closely packed that individuals were (remarkably ) reported as being partially or totally fused together These zones of fusion gave strong histochemical reactions for -SH groups and appeared to be areas of intense metabolic activity. This suggested (750) that, in heavy infections, parasites which fail to find room for attachment on the host mucosa may derive their nutriment from another individual worm. This unusual observation clearly requires confirmation. 

Renal parenchymal calcium deposition can be associated with significant renal dysfunction. When calcium deposits are encountered on renal biopsy, the calcium salt typically contains either phosphate or oxalate. The two anions are easily differentiated pathologically, as calcium oxalate is identified as refractile crystals under polarized light. In contrast, calcium phosphate is non-polarizable but gives a positive histochemical reaction to the von Kossa stain [16]. 

Ischemic exercise is usually used for the diagnosis of McArdle s disease and the lack of venous lactate increase is believed to be the sine qua non for the diagnosis. In a patient described by Sahn and Magee5 venous serum lactate increased in the arm after isometric and isotonic ischemic exercise, although the increase was significantly less than in a normal control. Histochemical reactions and biochemical assays confirmed the absence of phosphorylase. Although the symptoms were... 

B5a. Barmett, R. J., The demonstration with the electron microscope of the end-products of histochemical reactions in relation to the fine structure of cells. Exptl. Cell Res. Suppl. 7, 65-89 (1959). 

F4. Fischer, E., Effect of inhibitors on the histochemical reaction of alkaline a-naph-thyl and naphthol-AS-phosphomonoesterase in the kidney of edible-frog (Rana Esculenta L.) Acta Biol. AmmJ. Sd. Hung. 16, 383-388 (1966). 

Fetal or neonatal brain prior to myelination contains relatively little cholesterol and in this respect the composition is similar to that of other body tissues. However, during this period before myelin is laid down, microscopic examination shows that small lipid droplets appear in variable number within the nervous tissue. In the human spinal cord droplets appear up to the twenty-second week of fetal life and in the chick embryo up to the sixteenth day of incubation. It would appear from histochemical reactions (Adams and Davison, 1959) that these droplets contain hydro-phobic lipids such as cholesterol esters or triglyceride. Chemical analyses... 

Bennett concluded that the lipid droplets of the spongy zone of the cortex contained both cholesterol and ketonic steroids, that is, a mixture of precursors and of hormones. Because of the thickness of the sections used, however, it was impossible to be assured that the histochemical reactions occurred within the droplets. Bennett also concluded that other fatty droplets, occurring principally in the zona reticularis, did not contain secretory antecedents, since this zone failed to display the histochemical reactions or birefringence. 

To reduce the background associated with endogenous P-galactosidase activity normally found in bone, kidney, and brain, the histochemical reaction should be carried out at pH 7.4, which is optimal for bacterial P-galactosidase in contrast to the mammalian enzyme, which is most active at a more acidic pH value of 4.0. 

Rinse the sections in 0.1 M phosphate buffer and mount on Superfrost slides for examination. Alternatively, the sections can be processed for the ultrastructural visualization of the lacZ histochemical reaction product (see Subheadii 3.72.). Fig. 2A danonstrates the appearance of two histochemically stained /ucZ-positive cells. 

If the brain is left in the fixative for more than 1-1.5 h, the lacZ may start to decay thereby reducing the intensity of the histochemical reaction product. 

While endothelial cells in human control Ixmgs showed very weak histochemical reactions for me-talloproteinases (MMPs), a family of proteolytic enzymes involved in remodelling of the extracellular matrix, in emphysematous lungs there were stronger reactions for MMP-1, MMP-2 (ED 3.4.24.24) and MMP-9 (ED 3.4.24.35) (Horiba et al. 1997). 

Sites in bone and dentine that are currently undergoing mineralization show various specific histochemical reactions. One of these is staining by Sudan Black after treatment with pyridine, which has been attributed to lipid material. 

Fig. 59. Costochondral junction of a scorbutic guinea pig. Note great reduction of thickness of phosphatase band at junction. Reaction in bone marrow appears undiminished. This is in keeping with other experiments which showed, judged by histochemical reactions, that scurvy did not affect phosphatase activity of soft tissues. Ay cartilaginous part of rib. B, line of phosphatase at junction. C, muscle. D, periosteum.

On the basis of the specific biochemical characteristics of G-6-Pase, it was possible to show that this enzyme is located in cellular r ions different from those in which acid or alkaline phosphatases are found (Chiquoine, 1953). Similar histochemical procediu s were used recently in studying the seminal vesicles and prostate gland of the rat (Kuhlman, 1954). It was shown that tissues of the male accessory glands are capable of hydrolyzing both G-6-P and F-6-P. The histochemical reaction demonstrated in this... 

Toepfer, K. Preparation of dimethylthionine (azure A) for histochemical reactions. Acta Histochem. 1970, 35, 195-197. 

Both hormones are pyrocatechol (o-dihydroxybenzene) derivatives, which are easily oxidized. This fact explains the histochemical reaction of the chromaffin tissue. The hormonal content of the adrenal medulla is relatively high (several mg per gm of gland). The two active substances of the adrenal medulla, epinephrine and norepinephrine, are both derivatives of phenyl ethylamine, which possesses strong pharmacologic effects. 

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