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High-quality water supply

The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), enacted in 1974 to assure high-quality water supplies through public water system. The act is truly the first federal intervention to set the limits of contaminants in drinking water. The 1986 amendments came two years after passage of the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA) or the RCRA amendments of 1984. As a result, certain statutory provisions were added to these 1986 amendments to reflect the changes made in the underground injection control (UIC) systems. [Pg.141]

The practice of exploiting artesian systems has produced a large number of depressurized stagnant aquifers that are at present of no use. Such aquifers, which supplied high-quality water, can be reused by reinjecting fresh water to create pollution-immune underground water reservoirs. [Pg.386]

A potable quality water supply or better is also required for the soft drinks and alcoholic beverage industries, for medical and pharmaceutical applications, and for the water needs of many types of research institutions. The beverage industry has a fluoride requirement of <1 mg/L, lower than that recommended for ordinary potable water supplies, to accommodate a possible very high individual consumption rate. Deionized or distilled grades of water quality are sufficient for the majority of the other applications. [Pg.149]

Next to a supply of air, nothing is so essential to life as a supply of high-quality water. We drink it, cook our food in it, use it as a source of energy, and lift a hundred pounds or so of it each time we stand up. Water carries nutrients in and removes waste materials from our bodies. Contaminated water also spreads numerous diseases. [Pg.1296]

Another popular method which gives a high-quality water is reverse osmosis (RO), often called ultrafiltration or hyperfiltration. Though often considered too expensive for industrial use, RO has found extensive applications in domestic water supplies. The production of highly efficient osmotic membranes has made RO competitive with distillation for the production of salt-free water. RO does not, however, remove volatile organic compounds (VOC) from the water supply. Treatment with granulated activated carbon (GAC) can be very effective for this purpose (see Chap. 16 and Appendix C). [Pg.272]

In addition to varying in costs, the chemical composition of the water provided from the mains supply also varies between the water companies, as may that between independent supplies within each company s area. The current criterion on potable water quality requires it to be wholesome i.e. it should not create a health hazard, with relatively wide limits on particular constituents. The cost of removing these constituents (e.g. calcium, magnesium, chlorides, iron and silica) increases with concentration and variability. This imposes a cost burden on, for example, the semiconductor and electronic component industries and on the operation of high-pressure boilers. Therefore both the potential cost of metered water supply and the chemical composition of the supply waters may influence future decisions on the water company s area in which an industry may wish to locate. [Pg.37]

The problem has been recognized by many of the developers concerned, who have consequently themselves adopted the environmental standards of other industrialized nations. In the absence of national controls this is a responsible and laudable approach. However, the piecemeal adoption of standards taken from elsewhere does not take account of local conditions. These conditions may either enhance or limit the ability of the environment to disperse and attenuate or assimilate pollutants (e.g. the occurrence of temperature inversions will limit the dispersion of air pollutants). Similarly, the use to which local resources are put may demand particularly high standards of environmental quality (e.g. the use of sea water or river water as the basis of potable water supply). The choice of standards must also take into account local practices and existing local administration. [Pg.39]

Today, in an era of water reuse and higher costs for premium-quality water, condensate line corrosion may be an inevitable and serious drawback when using naturally high-alkalinity water as a MU supply source. Some form of dealkalization pretreatment process generally is provided to high MU demand boiler plants but unfortunately not so often to smaller facilities. [Pg.227]

This summary all but excludes FT boilers of any description from the requirement to have high-quality (i.e., low TDS) MU water. Exceptions are those FT boilers that have very low rates of CR and/or a high alkalinity MU water supply, and some special purpose boilers. [Pg.342]

The quality of the water in which the cassiterite flotation takes place is also highly important. Both ions found in process water supply and those generated by the minerals present in the pulp may affect the performance of the collectors as well as the surfaces of either cassiterite or gangue minerals by either depressing or activating them. [Pg.98]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.281 ]




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