High-quality steel

All raw materials and chemicals are checked for meeting the specifications set in the manufacturing procedures by standardized methods. PSS uses extremely high quality steel (V4A quality), which has proven to be especially resistant to corrosive compounds and/or conditions. 

Electric arc process. Patented by Siemens in 1878, this u.ses an electric current through the metal (direct-arc), or an arc just above the metal (indirect-arc), as a means of heating. It is widely used in the manufacture of alloy- and other high-quality steels. 

How is the impurity present in pig iron removed to create high-quality steel ... 

A high-quality steel housing to provide additional support and protection. 

Phosphorus and sulfur are present in pig iron and need to be removed in steel making because these elements, if present in any significant quantities in the steel, result in deterioration of its mechanical properties. The concentration normally tolerated is 0.04% for each of these elements, though in high-quality steels much lower levels are required. 

The tensile strength of materials varies from 50 MPa for aluminum to more than 1100 MPa for high-quality steel. Future developments of new composite materials have a potential to increase the tensile strength above that of steel with a materials density that is less than half of the density of steel (Table 5.3). 

In spite of the use of high-quality steel grades for the segments and other machine parts, wear is considerable and, while, when compared with other methods, the total costs associated with this item are not excessive, the process interruptions, which can be only avoided if redundant stand-by equipment is installed, are not tolerable. In... 

Steel tire cord is manufactured from high-quality steel, which is necessary because of the performance demands to which tires are subjected. The composition of a typical steel cord is illustrated in Table 14.5. The key mechanical properties governing a steel cord or wire are its tensile strength, elongation, and bending stiffness. A tire cord construction is normally defined by the structure, the length of lay, and the direction of lay. The hill description of a steel cord is given by... 

Cold press molding represent compression molding that involves only a moderate investment in equipment and using a lower-powered press than with large series processes. Molds can be made from RP materials rather than from high-quality steel. The reinforcement is generally mat which can be preformed if necessary fabric can also be used. Molds can be at ambient temperature or heated to 80C (176F). Cold press... 

Rolling temperatures of high quality steel bars have fallen from about 2200 F (1200 C) to about 1850 F (1283 C) in the process of improving fine-grain structure. The limiting of decarburization by rolling as cold as possible also has reduced rolling temperatures. 

For years, typical applications of diode lasers and therefore heat conduction welding are battery boxes, rubber gaiters, or high-quality steel sinks. Furthermore, diode lasers are suited for spot welding of electronic components. 

The accessories other than the holders are made from high-quality steel, hardened and stabilised, with their wringing faces precision-lapped to give flamess, parallelism and surface finish to the same degree as gauge blocks, to which they are wrung to assemble any combination. Accessories can be purchased in sets as shown or as individual items. 

Larger lathes are best fitted with sliding shield guards shown in Fig. 9.9. These are made from high-quality steel with a polycarbonate window to provide maximum operator protection from chuck, swarf and coolant and provide excellent visibUity. The guard slides over the head-stock and out of the way when access to the chuck or tooling is required. These can also be fitted with an electrical safety interlock to prevent the... 

The reduction of impurity elements is one of the most important processes in the production of high-quality steels. Although the effects of each... 

A number of different designs of sine bar are available and are covered by BS 3064 1978, which also specifies three lengths - 100, 200 and 300 mm - these being the distances between the roller axes. The more common type of sine bar is shown in Fig. 5.14 the body and rollers being made of high-quality steel, hardened and stabilised, with all surfaces finished by lapping or fine grinding to the tolerances specified in the British Standard. 

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