High portable devices

Another very elegant and highly portable device that aids patient coordination is the breath-actuated inhaler, originally developed by Riker Laboratories (3M) [47] and further enhanced by Ivax-Norton (EasiBreathe). In this type of device, a mechanical release mechanism is used, firing the MDI when a certain threshold inspiratory flowrate is reached. Once the dose has been dispensed, the device is then reprimed, ready for use. This type of device has gained wide acceptance in Europe and has been introduced for several MDI products. 

A steady-state rocket-type combustion spray unit has been developed, called high velocity oxy fuel (HVOF), that creates a steady state, continuous, supersonic spray stream (1.2—3 mm dia) resembling a rocket motor exhaust. The portable device injects and accelerates the particles inside a barrel (rocket nozzle). It produces coating quaHty and particle velocities equal to the D-gun at 5—10 times the spray rate with significantly reduced coating costs. 

In recent years, research into wireless networking has been dominated by the perceived need for high bandwidth access to data intensive files with extensive graphical, video and audio content. Bluetooth has been heralded as the low-power wireless standard of the future, but it is very much a high-bandwidth technology, designed to integrate portable devices into this communications infrastructure, and is relatively power... 

Nevertheless, it was only starting from the seventies and the eighties that the technology began to deploy highly sophisticated devices, which are continuously evolving toward an increasing miniaturization and the development of portable instrumentation. 

If it is possible to get highly reliable devices to process thousands of samples immediately with an appropriate production technology to obtain cheap and portable devices, a breakthrough of microanalytical sensor systems is still to be expected. 

Primary batteries Chemical energy —> electrical energy Consumer appliances, portable devices, medical applications (low cost, high reliability)... 

Secondary batteries Chemical energy <= electrical energy High energy density applications electromobility, portable devices, sustainable elements... 

The size is critical to the use of microreactors in portable devices, such as many electronics goods. Microreactors could also be made small enough and be easy enough to mass produce so that they could be used in consumer products. Another advantage of the small size is that lesser amounts of chemicals must be used. This is highly desirable in dealing with chemicals that present significant environmental. 

One area where LIMSs have not provided out-of-the-box support is in the automation of sample preparation. This may be due to the fact, that analytical labs do not have sample-preparation workstations or that there is no standard for these workstations. Nevertheless, the authors think that sample preparation can be automated, providing similar benehts as in high throughput screening, for example. The use of portable devices such as pocket has been reported in the laboratory [74]. Commercially available applicahons such as LimsLink (Labtronics, Inc.) can upload laboratory instrument data from handheld devices to any LIMS. 

Due to the simplicity of hardware requirements and small volumes, even a gel documentation system could be used for high throughput screening. Further, BART is an ideal format for portable devices using NAATs to detect pathogens and GM. 

Sealed lead-acid batteries are in both cylindrical and prismatic shapes. The cyclindrical ones (usually designed as SLA batteries) have excellent high-rate characteristics. Other than in portable devices, sealed batteries can be used in standby applications, e.g. telephone exchange stations, were they are kept in float charge. In this case too, oxygen recombination is possible. 

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