High-performance liquid column packing

Majors, R. E. 1977. Recent advances in high performance liquid chromatography packings and columns, J. Chromatog. Sci., 15 334-351. 

Unfortunately, most column and sorbent manufacturers do not develop column packing materials mainly for SEC work, but for the bigger high-performance liquid chromatography (HPEC) market. However, there are many important differences to consider when designing packings for different modes of chroma-... 

Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) column 50 mm x 3.2-mm i.d. with Kromasil 5- um Gig packing High-performance liquid chromatograph coupled to a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer with an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source Gel permeation chromatograph with a 60 mm x 25-mm i.d. column packed with Bio-Beads SX-3 (50-g)... 

Tsuda, T. and Novotny, M., Packed microcapillary columns in high performance liquid chromatography, Anal. Chem., 50, 271, 1978. 

Kirkland, J. J., Techniques for high-performance liquid-liquid and ion exchange chromatography with controlled surface porosity column packings, ]. Chromatogr. Sci., 7, 361, 1969. 

Gusev, I., Huang, X., Horvath, C. (1999). Capillary columns with in situ formed porous monolithic packing for micro high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrochromatography. J. Chromatogr. A 855, 273-290. 

Kohne, A.P., Welsch, T. (1999). Coupling of a microbore column with a column packed with non-porous particles for fast comprehensive two-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A 845, 463-469. 

Nimura, N., Itoh, H., Kinoshita, T., Nagae, N., Nomura, M. (1991). Fast protein separation by reversed-phase high-performance liquid-chromatography on octadecylsilyl-bonded non-porous silica-gel — effect of particle-size of column packing on column efficiency. J. Chromatogr. 585(2), 207-211. 

Viehauer S. et al., 1995. Evaluation and routine application of the novel restricted-access precolumn packing material Alkyl-Diol Silica Coupled-column high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of the photoreactive drug 8-methoxypsoralen in plasma. J Chromatogr B 666 315. 

The silanophilic character of 16 reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic columns was evaluated with dimethyl diphenycyclam, a cyclic tetraza macrocycle [101]. The method is rapid, does not require the removal of packing material, and uses a water-miscible solvent. The results demonstrate two points first, cyclic tetraza macrocycles offer substantial benefits over currently used silanophilic agents second, the method can easily differentiate the performance of various columns in terms of their relative hydrophobic and silanophilic contributions to absolute retention. 

Particulate sorbents are available almost exclusively in the shape of micrometersized beads. These beads are packed in columns and represent currently the most common stationary phases for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Despite their immense popularity, slow diffusional mass transfer of macromolecular solutes into the stagnant pool of the mobile phase present in the pores of the separation medium and the large void volume between the packed particles are considered to be major problems in the HPLC of macromolecules, frequently impairing their rapid and efficient separation [1]. 

Unger K.K. Skudas R. Schulte M.M. Particle Packed Columns and Monolithic Columns in High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Comparison and Critical Appraisal. Journal of Chromatography A, 2008, 1184,393-415. 

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