High energy accelerators

High Energy Accelerator Research Organization Tsukuba, Japan... 

High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan... 

In high energy accelerators, electrons are injected into an electron storage ring (approximately 30 m in diameter) captured, and accelerated around this circular path by a... 

AMS directly measures the number of 14C atoms, and the ratio of 14C to 13C and/ or 12C, using a high-energy accelerator as an inlet to a mass spectrometer. The key characteristics of 14C-AMS are the electron stripping and ion acceleration, which allow 14C to be distinguished from isobars and molecules that would confuse a standard mass spectrometer. AMS requires only a fairly small sample of lOOpg to 1 mg of C. In addition, the measurement only takes minutes per sample. 

Uses High-energy accelerator or alkali sometimes used to activate low-energy developing agents (e.g., hydroquinone). 

Electron beam (EB) cure — A process using high energy (accelerated) electrons to promote reactions in a polymeric material (cross-linking, polymerization). The reaction is instantaneous. The voltage range used in this process is typically from hundreds of kilovolts to several megavolts. 

Upper limits on neutrino masses come from laboratory experiments, such as tritium decay and high-energy accelerator experiments, and are (see Review of Particle Physics, Hagiwara et al.(2002))... 

Mechanical activation was performed in a high energy (acceleration up to 70 g) planetary ball mill with stainless steel reactor and balls under an argon atmosphere during 1 h. All the sample handling has been operated in Ar-filled glow box (MBraun), in which the water/oxygen levels were below 1 ppm. 

Beynell P, Maier P, Schonbacher H (1982) Compilation of radiation damage test data — Part III Materials used around high-energy accelerators, CERN 82-10, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva... 

Searches for individual quarks using high-energy accelerators have failed, up to rest-mass energies in vast excess of the masses of the stable known leptons and hadrons. Searches for quarks in minerals and seawater,... 

The advantage of bubble chambers is the higher density compared with that in cloud chambers. This makes them particularly useful for the detection of high-energy particles in high-energy accelerators. Bubble chambers with volumes of several cubic metres have been built. They are preferably operated with liquid hydrogen. 

M. S. Livingstone, The Development of High-Energy Accelerators, Dover, New York, 1966... 

K. Witham, S. Lyons, R. Miller, D. Nett, P. Treas, A. Zante, R.W. Fessenden, M.D. Thomas, Y. Wang, Proc. of 95 Particle Accelerator Conference and International Conference on High Energy Accelerators, Dallas, TX, May 1-5, 1995. 

X-ray units and accelerators produce x-rays only when the exposure switch is engaged. As soon as the switch is released, or the pre-set exposure time is reached, x-ray production ends. Unless the equipment is operational at the moment of possible exposure, these machines present no potential harm to soldiers. Some high-energy accelerators may produce activation products, but most of these have short half-lives. 

X-ray absorption experiments were carried out on the beamline BL-lOB at Photon Factory in the Institute of Materials Structure Science for High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan, with a ring current of 2.5 GeV and a stored current of 250 - 450 mA (Proposal Number 2005G194). Pt... 

---