Reinforced High-Density Polyethylene

J.R. Araujo, B. Mana, G.M. Teixeira, M.A.S. Spinach and M. A. De Paoli, Biomicrofibrilar composites of high density polyethylene reinforced with curaua fibers Mechanical, interfacial and morphological properties. Compos. Sci. Technol. 70,1637-1644 (2010). 

Bondioli F, Dorigato A, Fabbri P, Messori M and Pegoretti A (2008) High-density polyethylene reinforced with submicron titania particles, Polym Eng Sci 48 448-457. 

HDPE, high density polyethylene PP, polypropylene EVA, ethylene—vinyl alcohol SMC, sheet-molding compound ERP, fiber-reinforced plastic LDPE, low density polyethylene PE, polyethylene BMC, bulk mol ding compound TPE, thermoplastic elastomer. 

By permission, Norton Chemical Process Products Corp., Bull. SI-72 and Bull. PTP-1 other manufacturer s data are equivalent, f Also available in polypropylene (including glass reinforced) high density polyethylene, rigid PVC, fluorinated vinyls. 

Short fiber reinforcement of TPEs has recently opened up a new era in the field of polymer technology. Vajrasthira et al. [22] studied the fiber-matrix interactions in short aramid fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites. Campbell and Goettler [23] reported the reinforcement of TPE matrix by Santoweb fibers, whereas Akhtar et al. [24] reported the reinforcement of a TPE matrix by short silk fiber. The reinforcement of thermoplastic co-polyester and TPU by short aramid fiber was reported by Watson and Prances [25]. Roy and coworkers [26-28] studied the rheological, hysteresis, mechanical, and dynamic mechanical behavior of short carbon fiber-filled styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS) block copolymers and TPEs derived from NR and high-density polyethylene (HOPE) blends. 

Glass Eibre Reinforced Plastic Glass Mat Thermoplastic UL fire rating High Density PolyEthylene Heat Deflection Temperature... 

Focusing collectors are usually cast acrylic Fresnel lenses, or mirrors of aluminized polyester film in frames of aluminum. These reflectors are either enclosed in a bubble of poly(vinyl fluoride) film, or under polycarbonate glazing, which may be covered with a fluorocarbon film to reduce the reflectivity. The absorbers for active systems are copper or aluminum since the temperatures are too high (325—370°C) for plastics. The frames, however, can be molded ABS, high density polyethylene or polyurethane, either solid or structural foam. Polybutylene or chlorinated PVC can be used for piping hot water, and tanks can be made of either reinforced polyester or blow- or rotational-molded, high density polyethylene (12—15). 

A steel liner reinforced with a steel I-beam baffle was installed in the LEAP tank for secondary containment of the experiment. The primary liner was a 0.64-cm thick welded seam high-density polyethylene (HDPE) liner installed within an outer steel liner. Baffles in the steel liner were backfilled with pea gravel and contained eight fully screened 5-cm-inner-diameter (ID) wells. These wells could be used for leak detection as well as mitigation by inducing a hydraulic gradient into the tank. The finished interior dimensions of the tank were 8.5-m wide, 8.5-m long, and 3-m deep. 

Weights referenced to polyprop)1ene other plastics available, high density polyethylene, glass reinforced polypropylene and fluorinated vinyls... 

Also available in polypropylene (including glass reinforced) high density polyethylene, rigid PVC, fluorinated vinyls. 

CF-EP glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin PE-HD high-density polyethylene PF Phenol-Formaldehyde resin... 

E/TFE = ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene, E/CTFE = ethylene/chlorotrifluoroethylene, EPE = oxide, E/VAL = ethylene/vinyl alcohol, FEP = tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene, FU = furan, pA = polyamide, PCTFE = polychlorotrifluoroethyl-ene, HDPE = high-density polyethylene, PF = propylene formaldehyde, PFA = perfluoro alkoxyalkane, PP = polypropylene, PTFE = polytetrafluoroethylene, PUR = polyurethane, PVC = polyvinyl chloride, PVDF = polyvinylidene fluoride, UP = unsaturated polyester, UP-GF = fiberglass-reinforced unsaturated polyester, VE-GF = fiberglass-reinforced vinyl ester, FU-GF = fiberglass-reinforced furane, EP-GF = fiberglass-reinforced ester, CR = chloroprene rubber, CSM = chlo-rosulfonyl polyethylene, FPM = vinylidene fluoride/hexafluoropropylene copolymer, HR = isobutane-isoprene rubber, NBR = nitrile-butadiene rubber, NR = natural rubber, SBR = styrene-butadiene rubber. 

M. Polliinen, M. Suvanto, T. Pakkanen, Cellulose reinforced high density polyethylene composites—Morphology, mechanical and thermal expansion properties. Compos. Sci. Technol. 76, 21-28 (2013)... 

Figure 12.10 shows the release of volatiles during thermal degradation of polypropylene. Mica reinforces the polypropylene stability, while halogenated flame retardant reduces it. Both composite polymers are compared with the pure polymer. The thermal stability of low, medium and high-density polyethylenes has its linkage to the number of branches in the main polymer chain. It is of interest that the flammabihty expressed in the amount of oxygen consumed follows the similar tendency (Fig. 12.11). 

The matrix material used in polymer-based composites can either be thermoset (epoxies, phenolics) or thermoplastic resins (low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, acrylics). The filler or reinforcing agent can be chosen according to the desired properties. The properties of polymer matrix composites are determined by properties, orientation and concentration of fibers and properties of matrix. 

Raj R.G. Kokta B.V. Reinforcing high density polyethylene with cellulosic fibers I The effect of additives on fiber dispersion and mechanical properties. Polymer Engineering Science, vol. 31, No. 18, (1991), p>p. 1358-1362... 

Yao F, Wu Q, Lei Y, Xu Y et al (2008) Rice straw fibre-reinforced high-density polyethylene composite effect of fibre type and loading. Ind Crops Prod 28 63-72... 

Panthapulakkal S, Sain M (2007) Agro-residue reinforced high-density polyethylene composites fiber characterization and analysis of composite properties. Compos A 38 1445-1454... 

Liu H, Wu Q, Zhang Q (2009) Preparation and properties of banana fiber-reinforced composites based on high density polyethylene (HDPE) ylon-6 blends. Bioresour Technol 100 6088-6097... 

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