Fiberglass-reinforced unsaturated polyester

Shen, K.K. and Sprague, R.W. 1981. On the use of a unique form of zinc borate as a flame retardant in fiberglass reinforced unsaturated polyesters and vinyl esters—A structure-activity relationship study. Reinforced Plastics/Composites Institute, The Society of Plastics Industry, Inc., Boltan, U.K., February 16-20 Section 13B, pp. 1-5. 

E/TFE = ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene, E/CTFE = ethylene/chlorotrifluoroethylene, EPE = oxide, E/VAL = ethylene/vinyl alcohol, FEP = tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene, FU = furan, pA = polyamide, PCTFE = polychlorotrifluoroethyl-ene, HDPE = high-density polyethylene, PF = propylene formaldehyde, PFA = perfluoro alkoxyalkane, PP = polypropylene, PTFE = polytetrafluoroethylene, PUR = polyurethane, PVC = polyvinyl chloride, PVDF = polyvinylidene fluoride, UP = unsaturated polyester, UP-GF = fiberglass-reinforced unsaturated polyester, VE-GF = fiberglass-reinforced vinyl ester, FU-GF = fiberglass-reinforced furane, EP-GF = fiberglass-reinforced ester, CR = chloroprene rubber, CSM = chlo-rosulfonyl polyethylene, FPM = vinylidene fluoride/hexafluoropropylene copolymer, HR = isobutane-isoprene rubber, NBR = nitrile-butadiene rubber, NR = natural rubber, SBR = styrene-butadiene rubber. 

UP-GF fiberglass-reinforced unsaturated polyester VE-GF fiberglass-reinforced vinyl ester XRF x-ray fluorescence... 

By far the most common form of reinforcement is fiberglass. Products using unsaturated polyester resin as a matrix and fiberglass fiber reinforcements are commonly referred to as composites , laminates or FRPs (fiber-reinforced plastics). The latter reinforcements are sold as continuous roving, which is continuously chopped in place with a liquid resin stream, chopped roving mat, woven... 

Bathtubs, showers and sinks account for significant consumption of unsaturated polyester resins. Fiberglass-reinforced bathtubs and shower stalls account for as much as 90% of the unsaturated polyester used in construction. Unsaturated polyesters have significantly replaced cast-iron bathtubs as a lower-cost material. Similarly, highly filled cast unsaturated polyesters have replaced ceramics and steel in bathroom sinks and countertops. 

Uses. Reactive free radical-generating chemical used as a curing agent for unsaturated polyester resins hardening agent for fiberglass-reinforced plastics manufacture of acrylic... 

Polyester-based resins are also used in bulk plastics in fiberglass reinforced fabrications such as boats, auto body repairs, and for very large structures such as industrial vessels and pipes, and ships for mine sweeping [10]. This technology uses a combination of polycondensation and vinyl-type (chain reaction) technologies to obtain the final composite product. The viscous, still fluid resin used for layup is a linear unsaturated polyester of relatively low-molecular weight. Unsaturation is introduced into the backbone of the polymer by using maleic anhydride to replace a part of the phthalic anhydride (e.g., Eq. 21.4). 

Storage May develop pressure vent bottle periodically Uses Polymerization initiator/catalyst/crosslinking agent for cure of unsaturated polyester resins in gel coats to eliminate or reduce porosity mfg. of acrylic resins hardener for fiberglass-reinforced plastics catalyst in food-contact crosslinked polyesters Regulatory FDA 21 CFR 177.2420... 

In addition to being available as continuous filaments and staple fibers in mats, fiberglass textiles are also available as biaxial, triaxial, knitted and three dimensional braided patterns. Many different resin matrices are in use but the emphasis in this chapter will be on unsaturated polyester and epoxy resins. While the strength and stiffness are controlled primarily by the reinforcements, the resinous matrix contributes to thermal conductivity and flexibility. The ultimate properties of these composites are based on a harmonious contribution of both the continuous and discontinuous phases. 

Maleic anhydride is considered as a key multifunctional intermediate for the petrochemical industry. Almost half of the worldwide produced maleic anhydride is applied in unsaturated polyester resin manufacturing, which is used in fiberglass-reinforced... 

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