1.6- Hexanediamine, polymer from

The repeating units in nylon 66 and in most step reaction polymers consist of residues from both reactants. The following equation shows the synthesis of nylon 66 in this case the reactants are a dicarboxylic acid (adipic acid) and a diamine (1,6-hexanediamine). 

Nylon 66 is an example of a step-growth polymer formed by two different bifunctional monomers adipic acid and 1,6-hexanediamine. It is called nylon 66 because it is a polyamide formed from a six-carbon diacid and a six-carbon diamine. 

The synthesis, characterization, and properties of a series of PEAs obtained from L-malic acid, 6-aminohexanol, and 1,6-hexanediamine, in which the hydroxy side group of malic acid was protected as methyl ether, have been studied [63]. Aregic and isoregic polymers were obtained and, furthermore, the ester-amide ratio was varied (i.e., from 1 50 to 1 1). AU studied PEAs were semicrystalline with T decreasing with the... 

Vera M, AdmetUa M, Rodnguez-Galan A, and PuiggaU J, (2005) Synthesis, characterization and degradation studies on the series of sequential poly(ester amide)s derived from glycohc add, 1,6-hexanediamine and aUphatic dicarboxylic acids . Polymer Degrad Stabil, 89,21-32. 

Polyamides are one type of useful polymer that is produced by a step-growth process, and a variety of such polymers are preparable from various diacids and diamines. Nylon-6,6 was the first commercially successful polyamide and is derived from the two monomers, hexanedioic acid (29) and 1,6-hexanediamine (30), as shown in Equation 22.15. Its trade name reflects the presence of six carbon atoms in each of the monomeric units that comprise the polymer. Of interest regarding the commercial importance of the nylons is the fact that the tremendous financial success enjoyed by E. I. Du Pont and Company from these types of polymers stems from the firm s patent on a method to draw the substance into fibers rather than from a patent on the molecular composition of the polymer itself. (See the Historical Highlight at the end of this chapter.)... 

Nylon is a polyamide. In industry it is produced by reaction of two difunctional monomers (or comonomers) a dicarboxyUc add and a diamine. The polymer that you are going to study is of great historical significance in polymer chemistry, because it was the first of the pol) amides to be recognized as possessing excellent physical properties for forming very strong fibers. Nylon-6,6 was, in fact, the first commerdally produced synthetic polyamide.The"6,6" nomenclature refers to the number of carbon atoms in each of the two comonomers. Industrially, nylon-6,6 is prepared from 1,6-hexanediamine (hexamethylenediamine) and hexanedioic acid (adipic add) ... 

As shown, PET is prepared by successive Fischer esterification reactions. Since the polymer is generated via condensation reactions, it is called a condensation polymer. Because PET has repeating ester moieties, the polymer is also classified as a polyester. like PET, nylon 6,6 is also prepared via condensation reactions and is also a condensation polymer. Nylon 6,6 is a polyamide, which is prepared from adipic acid and 1,6-hexanediamine. 

A mass spectrum (ions with intensities > 105t) of the polymer derived from 1,6-hexanediamine is given in Table 1. The base peak in both the polymer spectrum and that of pure 1,6-hexane-diamine is m/e 30, CH2NH2. The other major ions in the amine spectrum (m/e 28, 56, 87 are likewise present in the polymer spectrum at substantial intensities. The masses 35-38 in the polymer spectrum may be due in part to the Cl and HCl , but since the intensity ratios are incorrect, there must be interference from other ions. The spectrum of the polymer is more complex than that of the pure amine, indicating substantial decomposition during the heating process. In this polymer, a peak at the amine molecular mass plus one is seen, suggesting intramolecular protonation. 

Polyethylene and poly tetrafluoroethylene are both addition polymers in that they are formed by the chemical addition of the monomers making up the large polymer molecules. Other polymers are condensation polymers that join together with the elimination of a molecule of water for each monomer unit joined. A common condensation polymer is nylon, which is formed by the bonding together of two different kinds of molecules. There are several forms of nylon, the original form of which is nylon 66 discovered by Wallace Carothers, a DuPont chemist, in 1937 and made by the polymerization of adipic acid (mentioned as a feedstock that can be made from glucose is Chapter 16, Section 16.6) and 1,6-hexanediamine ... 

The Une that divides classical and nonclassical metal complexes, organometallic complexes, and coordination compoimds is imperfect. For instance, what constitutes a coordination reaction and a condensation reaction Piperidine is an organic compound, that can react with metal-containing sites in two different ways. If the N-proton is retained, then the reaction is a coordination reaction and the resulting product a coordination compound. In this case, the nitrogen donates its lone pair of electrons to the metal site. However, if the proton is lost, then the reaction is described as a condensation reaction with the product called a condensation product. Polymers formed from such condensation reactions are covered in this volume. Schemes 1 and 2 depict reactions that illustrate the difference between coordination and condensation reactions using 1,6-hexanediamine. ... 

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