Herbicide systems

McCormick, C.L., D.K. Lichatowich, and M.M. Fooladi, "Controlled Activity Pendant Herbicide Systems Utilizing Chitin and Other Biodegradable Polymers," Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Controlled Release of Bioactive Materials, pp. 3.6-3.17, Gaithersburg, MD (1978). 

Savage, K.E., C.L. McCormick, and B.H. Hutchinson, "Biological Evaluation of Polymeric Controlled Activity Herbicide Systems Containing Pendant Metribuzin,"... 

Robinson D.W. and N.D. O Kennedy (1978). The effect of overall herbicide systems of soil management on the growth and yield of apple trees Golden Delicious . Scientia Hortic., 9 127-136. 

Although it is known that the surface tension increases with increasing HLB (all other things being equal), the dependence of contact angle on this quantity has not been studied previously. On the other hand, if one assumes that the linear relation between surface tension and contact angle found by Zisman and co-workers for both pure liquids and for solutions of surface-active agents (3) as a function of concentration holds for our herbicidal systems, it appears that the quantity, n, will exhibit at least one maximum when plotted as a function of HLB. 

Determination of Octanol/Water Partition Coefficients. Since oc-tanol/water partition coefficient data for trifluoromethanesulfonanilide (I) and its substituted derivatives have not been reported in the literature and since it was not apparent that any of the substituent tt values previously determined by Fujita et al. (11) would be directly applicable to the TFMS herbicidal system, all TFMS partition coefficients and tt values were determined experimentally. The fluoroalkanesulfonanilides are very acidic because of the electron-withdrawing power of the parent fluoro-alkanesulfonyl group (5). The parent TFMS compound (I), for example, has a pKa in water of 4.45 at 25 °C. This inherent acidity extends to all TFMS series members and requires that the usual partition coefficient measurement procedure described by Fujita et al. (11) be modified to obtain accurate values of log P and tt. 

If Equation 2 is subtracted from Equation 1, a complex equation with many nonfactorable terms results. For simplification, let us assume that the phenomenological form of Equations 1 and 2 can be used empirically to characterize the change in LD90 resulting from the addition of a surfactant to a herbicidal system. This empirical relationship can be expressed as... 

The flexibility of the bulk blending system and the close relationship with the farmer allow the bulk blender to provide a number of valuable supplementary services, such as adding herbicides, insecticides, micronutrients, or seeds to the blends bagging blends liming and sampling soil. Consultation services and custom appHcation can also be provided as can sale of anhydrous ammonia or nitrogen solution. 

The correlations between chemical descriptors of molecular properties and biological activity, especially the activity of herbicides and/or plant growth regulators has been described (12). Several alternatives or improvements on the Hansch-Fujita QSAR system have been developed (13—15). 

Pesticide Solvent. The majority of organic fungicides, insecticides, and herbicides (qv) are soluble in DMSO, including such difficult-to-solvate materials as the substituted ureas and carbamates (see Fungicides, agricultural Insect control technology Pesticides). Dimethyl sulfoxide forms cosolvent systems of enhanced solubiUty properties with many solvents (109). 

DEVELOPMENT OF A CHEMILUMINESCENCE DETECTION OF HERBICIDES RELATIVE TO THE MEDIATED INHIBITION OF THYLAKOIDS IN A ji-FLUIDIC SYSTEM... 

Atrazine 0.003 0.003 Cardiovascular system problems reproductive difficulties Runoff from herbicide used on row crops... 

TCDD is the most potent inducer of chloracne. This has been well known since the accident in Seveso, Italy, in 1976 in which large amounts of TCDD were distributed in the environment subsequent to an explosion in a factory that produced a chlorophenoxy herbicide, 2,4,5-T. TCDD is an impurity produced during the production of 2,4,5-T. The most common long-term effect of TCDD exposure was chloracne. Exposed individuals also suffered increased excretion of porphyrins, hyper-pigmentation, central nervous system effects, and liver damage and increased risk of cancer was a long-term consequence of the exposure. In addition to TCDD, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and polychloronaphthalens cause chloracne as well as other effects typical of TCDD. 7i... 

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