Herbicide poisoning

Przybylska, A. (2003c). Herbicides poisonings in 2001, Przeglqd Epidemiologiczny, 57, 1, 107-115. 

TABLE 1-5. Occupations and locations at risk for herbicide poisoning... 

OTHER COMMENTS used as an herbicide poisonous by ingestion substance is metabolized in the body into 2,4-D (Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) physical and toxicological properties may change due to carrier solvents used in commercial formulations. 

Bradberry SM et al Mechanisms of toxicity, ciinicai features, and management of acute ohiorophenoxy herbicide poisoning a review. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 2000 38(2) 111-122. [PMiD 10778907] (Thorough iiterature review.)... 

A number of other diseases or conditions are known to affect surfactant metabolism and, hence, lung function. For example, dust-related industrial diseases such as silicosis lead to a massive accumulation of surfactant (up to 40-times normal amounts) which impairs gas exchange and breathing. In paraquat (a herbicide) poisoning the opposite occurs and the type II cells no longer produce surfactant - leading to particularly painful efforts at breathing by the victim who dies within a few days. 

Mortensen,ME. 1986. Management of acute childhood poisonings caused by selected insecticides and herbicides. Pediatric Toxicology 33(2) 421-445. 

Each insecticide, fungicide, rodenticide, herbicide, or other pest control product must be registered with the State Bureau of Chemistry as an economic poison before being offered for sale in California. Registration may be refused, after hearing, for a product that is of little or no value for the purpose intended, or that is detrimental to vegetation (except weeds), to domestic animals, or to the public health and safety, when properly used. 

In the book The Safe Use of Pesticides While Intensifying Agricultural Production [21], the paragraphs on polychlorpinen in beet fields were lost among data linked to OCP contamination of breast milk in Japan, the USA, and Sweden the dangers to the inhabitants of Italy from herbicide contamination of the Po river the poisoning of the inhabitants of the USA and Canada by watermelon from a plantation treated with pesticides and many other facts. Here is the text on the beet fields ... 

Diquat and paraquat are quaternary ammonium compounds largely used as contact herbicides and crop desiccants. When systemic absorption occurs, paraquat and diquat are rapidly distributed into the body. Paraquat primarily accumulates in the lungs and kidneys, while the highest diquat concentrations have been found in the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and kidneys (WHO, 1984). Urine is the principal route of excretion for both diquat and paraquat, which are primarily eliminated as unmodified compounds. Occupationally exposed workers can be monitored by measuring paraquat and diquat concentrations in urine samples (Table 6). Blood concentrations are useful to monitor acute poisoning cases. 

Sbrana I, Di Sibio A, Lomi A, Scarcelli V (1993) C-mitosis and numerical chromosome aberration analyses in human-lymphocytes - 10 known or suspected spindle poisons. Mutat Res 287 57-70 Senesi N, Loffredo E, Padovano G (1990) Effects of humic acid-herbicide interactions on the growth of Pisum sativum in nutrient solution. Plant Soil 127 41-47... 

Nonrepairable components, in reliability modeling, 26 989 Nonruminant feeds, 10 836-847 additives to, 10 846 ingredients of, 10 837-838 swine and poultry nutrient requirements, 10 838-845 Nonselective catalytic reduction (NSCR), 10 101-102 17 184 19 626 Nonselective herbicides, 13 313 Nonselective poisoning, 5 258 Nonself-aligned (NSA) HBT fabrication, 22 167... 

Potential Uses of These Polymers. We have studied the phenyl isocyanate modification of poly(vinyl alcohol) as a model system. Many uses exist for carbamates as medicines, pesticides and herbicides (67,68). For example, ethyl carbamate has been used to treat leukemia and multiple myeloma. Ethyl carbamate has also been used as an antidote for central nervous system poisoning by strychnine. The tranquilizer Meprobamate is a carbamate derivitive. Numerous pesticides and herbicides, such as Sevin and Propham, are also carbamate derivatives. Propham is isopropyl N-phenylcarbamate which bears a strong resemblence to the polymers of Equation 21, and this compound is used as a preemergence herbicide. Numerous other close analogs could be cited also. We might note also that the N-phenyl carbamoyl unit bears... 

Uses Manufacture of acrolein, allyl compounds, glycerol, plasticizers, resins, military poison gas contact pesticide for weed seeds and certain fungi intermediate for pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds herbicide. 

Over the years a number of practical uses for arsenic developed, particularly related to its poisonous nature. Today, it is not of great commercial value except as an insecticide and herbicide. 

Strong acids include battery acid, murintic acid, and hydrochloric acid. Weak acids include acetic acid, toilet bowl cleaner, and lactic acid. Banned pesticides include Silvex, Mirex, Aldrin, Chlordane, DDT, and Heptachlor. Caustics include oven cleaner and drain cleaner. Flammables include alcohol, acetone, turpentine, lacquer, and paint thinner. Pesticides include rodent poisons, insecticides, weed killer, and other herbicides and fungicides. Pesticide containers should be triple-rinsed, and the contents sprayed on crops or yard, before discarding. 

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