Heavy Oil Processing

RAROP. 1991. Heavy Oil Processing Handbook. Research Association for Residual Oil Processing. T. Noguchi (Chairman). Ministry of Trade and International Industry (MITI), Tokyo, Japan. 

Coke deposition in trickle-bed reactors during heavy oil processing — Catalytic and physical effects... 

In order to control and monitor the coke deposition during heavy oil processing a quantitative model is mandatory. Often the pragmatic approach of a direct relationship between process parameters and the catalyst performance with time is used. It has been argued, however, that the "performance with time model beneficially starts from a description of the coke deposited followed by a relation between coke content and performance [2). The latter approach will be followed in this paper. 

Fixed bed heavy oil processing units which have a gradient of vanadium and nickel contamination from top to bottom in the reactor. Ebullated bed resid units with broad distribution of catalyst age and contaminant level. 

The column bottoms (referred to as slurry decant oil) pass to heavy oil processing units or are blended into heavy fuel oil. The heavy gas oil fraction (sometimes called heavy cycle oil) is recycled or used as blend-stock for heavy diesel or industrial fuel oil. The light gas oil (sometimes called light cycle oil) is used for diesel blend-stock. The most important product is the gasoline component which goes to gasoline blending. The... 

Topology of Coke Deposits in Spent Heavy Oil Processing Catalysis,... 

TOPOLOGY OF COKE DEPOSITS IN SPENT HEAVY OIL PROCESSING CATALYSTS. 

It is essential to recognise that asphaltenes are defined in terms of the fraction of the oil that precipitates where mixed with a lighter hydrocarbon such as pentane or hexane [7,9]. As a result, solubility is an important parameter, not least in the context of heavy oil processing. Thus for example, Komastsu et al [10] have produced a diagram that relates amounts of saturates, aromatics and asphaltenes with a tendency to form sludges (figure 1). 

In order to assess the viability of quantitative XPS as a tool in the physical characterization of coke deposits, we have studied a number of spent catalysts which contained considerable amounts of coke. The spent heavy-oil -processing catalysts were obtained from vacuum gas oil hydroeonversion experiments. The activity of fresh and spent catalysts was evaluated from thiophene hydrodesulfurization tests. 

Quantitative XFS can yield the topology of coke deposits in spent heavy-oil-processing catalysts. The layer thickness of the coke, its fractional coverage of the catalyst surface and its location with respect to the active components can be derived. Provided that independent information on the dispersion of the active component is available it can be inferred whether the coke is randomly distributed or whether it is deposited preferentially on either active component or the bare carrier surface. 

State Key Laboratory for Heavy Oil Processing, University of Petroleum, Dongying, Shandong, China, 257061... 

Examples of PetroBeam Technology Application to Heavy Oil Processing..371... 

Peng Baozi, Luo, Hu Sun, Chang-Yu Ma, Qinglan Zhou, Wei Chen Guang-Jin. Study on growth kinetics of methane hydrate film. State key laboratory of heavy oil processing, China University of Petroleum. 102-249. 

Rahimi, P.M., Gentzis,T. (2006) The chemistry of bitumen and heavy oil processing. In Practical advances in petroleum processing. Volume 2, edited by Hsu, C.S., Robinson, PR. New York Springer Science and Business Media, pp. 

State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao,... 

Heater Leigh, NPRA Question-and-Answer Session on Heavy Oil Processing, response to Question 48, 1982. 

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