Heater stack

Equipment Tests. Procedures for rigorous, detailed efficiency determination are available (ASME Test Codes) but are rarely used. For the objective of defining conservation potentials, relatively simple measurements are adequate. For fired heaters, stack temperature and excess O2 ia stack should be measured for turbiaes, pressures (ia and out) and temperatures (ia and out) are needed. 

Crude Oil Desalting Heater stack gas (CO, SO, NO, hydrocarbons and particulates), fugitive emissions (hydrocarbons). 

Atmospheric Distillation and Vacuum Distillation Heater stack gas (CO, SO, NO, hydrocarbons and PM), vents and fugitive emissions (hydrocarbons) Steam ejector emissions (hydrocarbons), heater stack gas (CO, SO, NO, hydrocarbons and PM), vents and fugitive emissions (hydrocarbons). 

Thermal cracking/ Heater stack gas (CO, SOx, NOx, Typically, little or no... 

Catalytic cracking Heater stack gas (CO, SOx, NOx, hydrocarbons, and particulates), fugitive emissions (hydrocarbons), and catalyst regeneration (CO, NOx, SOx, and particulates) Spent catalysts (metals from cmde oil and hydrocarbons), spent catalyst fines from electrostatic precipitators (alnminum silicate and metals)... 

Air emissions may arise from fugitive propane emissions and process vents. These include heater stack gas (carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter) as well as hydrocarbon emission, such as fugitive propane and fugitive solvents. Steam stripping wastewater (oil and solvents) and solvent recovery wastewater (oil and propane) are also produced. 

Miscellaneous includes heater stacks, winterizing, insulation, steam or electrical tracing of lines, heat exchanger tubing size standardization, instrument locations. 

Black smoke and fire from the heater stack were reported by a chemical process operator making his round at about 9 45 A.M. Nearby sprinkler systems activated, and the emergency squad was summoned. The emergency squad set up fire hose streams and began cooling down the heater structure. Within 15 minutes all external flames from the heater ceased, but black smoke continued to pour from the heater stack. A few minutes later the fire flared up through the stack for about five minutes more. 

The draft is a result of the density difference between hot flue gas in the heater stack and the cooler ambient air. Therefore, the hotter and taller the stack, the greater the draft. Draft is measured with a water-filled inclined manometer. 

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