Heat reflectance

Materials or combinations of materials which have air- or gas-fiUed pockets or void spaces that retard the transfer of heat with reasonable effectiveness are thermal insulators. Such materials may be particulate and/or fibrous, with or without binders, or may be assembled, such as multiple heat-reflecting surfaces that incorporate air- or gas-filled void spaces. 

Heat-reflecting metals (reflective). Aluminum, nickel, stainless steel. 

The two main uses for gold are in settling international debts and in the manufacture of jewellery, but other important uses are in dentistry, the electronics industry (corrosion-free contacts), and the aerospace industry (brazing alloys and heat reflection), while in office buildings it has... 

Jr Total heat, reflected from surface per unit time W ML2 T (or HT""11... 

Increased Parkland through zoning, and incentives for buildings to have Green Roofs with water retention and heat reflection. 

The horizontal exposure method is not very adequate for the OSU RHR calorimeter, because the heat reflected from the aluminum foil onto the sample is much lower than the heat generated by the glow bars. Since the OSU calorimeter is based on the adiabaticity of the measurements, any heat losses will represent inaccurate results. The reflection on the aluminum foil is also uneven. Moreover, the use of higher radiant energy causes problems with the mechanical functioning of the instrument (bending and buckling of the back plate). 

Fig. 10.2 Schematic diagram of a reflected interference microscope 1 - tight source, 2 - heat reflecting filter, 3 - coUimator, 4 - diaphragm, 5 - light filter, 6 - photo film, 7 - projection ocular, 8 - semi-transparent silvered mirror, 9 - aperture diaphragm, 10- auxiliary lens, 11 - immersion lens, 12 - sample under investigation, 13 - substrate...

Figure 3. Examples of the Mi-crostructural variations that accompany the transition from natural coke to coal. The photomicrographs are arranged in sequence of increasing distance below the intrusive (sill) that was the source of heat reflected light X 255...

If the paint is of a heat-reflecting nature, the temperature may be kept below the ignition point. 

Insulate the substrate by being either heat-reflective or of an insulation nature. 

In some machines the film is not passed over a cooling drum, but is directly transported over the slot and metallized ( free-span metallization). This increases the efficiency of the evaporation sources and prevents the formation of creases initiated by the cooling drum [6]. The thermal load of the film also changes. On the one hand it increases, because there is no cooling by the drum on the other hand it decreases, because there is also no heat reflection from the drum and the distance between evaporator and substrate can be increased. Whether the heat load increases or decreases depends very much on the configuration of the machine. For equal evaporator-substrate distances the thermal load, and thus the density of the metal structure, increases with free-span metallization (Fig. 8.6). 

The word thermodynamics means heat power, or power developed from heat, reflecting its origin in the analysis of steam engines. As a fully developed modem science, thermodynamics deals with transformations of energy of all kinds from one form to another. The general restrictions within which all such transformations are observed to occur are known as the first and second laws of thermodynamics. These laws cannot be proved in the mathematical sense. Rather, their validity rests upon experience. 

Leaves with brown, dry edges. Cause Leaf scorch. This symptom indicates weak or damaged roots or poor soil conditions it is caused by lack of water or by heat reflected from surrounding pavement. Avoid by planting in rich, evenly moist soil and irrigating, if necessary, in very dry seasons. 

MAJOR. ADVANTAGES heat reflectivity, low emissivity, temperatme resistance, moisture and oxygen barrier properties, sealing properties, reinforcement... 

The combustion of all carbon-based fuels releases carbon dioxide, which plays a key temperature-regulating role in the atmosphere. Much of the sunlight that shines on Earth is absorbed by the surface and converted to heat (Figure 6.11). Because atmospheric CO2 absorbs heat, some of the heat reflected back from Earth s surface is trapped by this CO2. 

Qr Total heat reflected from surface per unit time w ML2 T-3 (or HT " )... 

Indium-tin oxide (ITO, or tin-doped indium oxide) is a solid miture of indium(III) oxide (Iu203) and tin(IV) oxide (Sn02). It is transparent and colorless in thin layers. In bulk form, it is yellowish to grey. It is a transparent conducting material that is usually used in thin coating form. ITO is commonly used in applications such as touch panels, electrochromic, electroluminescent and LCD displays, plasma displays, field emission displays, heat reflective coatings, energy efficient windows, gas sensors and photovoltaics. 

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