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Heart energy requirements

Free fatty acids are removed from the blood extremely rapidly and oxidized (fulfilling 25-50% of energy requirements in starvation) or esterified to form triacylglycerol in the tissues. In starvation, esterified lipids from the circulation or in the tissues are oxidized as well, particularly in heart and skeletal muscle cells, where considerable stores of lipid are to be found. [Pg.207]

Daily energy requirements for children are approximately 150% of basal metabolic rate with additional calories to support activity and growth (Table 57-5). Requirements increase with fever, sepsis, major surgery, trauma, burns, long-term growth failure, and chronic conditions (e.g., bronchopulmonary dysplasia, congenital heart disease, and cystic fibrosis). [Pg.664]

Well-known medical conditions in which oxygen supply to muscles is reduced are an attack of asthma, emphysema or heart failure. However, probably the most common condition is atherosclerosis. If the femoral arteries are affected by atherosclerosis, ATP generation from fuel oxidation may not be sufficient to satisfy the energy requirements of even mild physical activity (e.g. walking) and rapidly... [Pg.290]

Mitochondrial pathway of caspase activation has been demonstrated in various experimental models and humans to contribute significantly to car-diomyocyte apoptosis in the heart [41-44], Studies suggest that mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis contributes to cardiomyocyte loss through intermembrane space proteins release, Bcl-2 protein involvement, and procaspase activation [41, 45, 46], Due to the energy required by heart muscle, mitochondria are particularly abundant in cardiomyocytes. Under physiological conditions, prosurvival mechanisms exist to protect the myocardium from inappropriately triggered apoptosis [3],... [Pg.15]

The energy required to thermally remove hydrogen from M2H6 to form molecular hydrogen is at the heart of this work. The dehydrogenation reactions can be represented in a general formula as ... [Pg.238]

Tissues with particularly high oxygen and energy requirements, including the brain and heart, are particularly susceptible to harmful effects resulting from reduced levels of oxygen in the body. [Pg.1779]

A reduced flow of oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle may lead to a myocardial infarction (heart attack). The amount of ATP that can be generated by glycolysis alone is not sufficient to meet the energy requirements of the contracting heart. [Pg.865]

Within the developing embryo, lipoprotein lipase activity is high in both heart and adipose tissue at EI4 but is absent from liver and brain. A big increase in activity occurs in adipose tissue between EI2 and EI6 and this coincides with the period of lipid uptake from the yolk and deposition in the adipocytes. More than 90% of the energy required by the developing embryo is obtained from oxidation of fatty acids present in yolk triglycerides. A further increase in lipoprotein lipase activity also occurs on hatching (Speake, Noble McCartney, 1993). [Pg.60]

The energy requirement of cardiac muscle fibers and the useful work they can generate are of considerable interest [Starling and Visscher, 1926 Robardet al., 1959 Li, 1983 Liao etal., 2003], They define the mechanical efficiency of the cardiac pump. In hemodynamic terms, the efficiency of the heart is defined as the ratio of external mechanical work (EW) to myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) ... [Pg.279]


See other pages where Heart energy requirements is mentioned: [Pg.234]    [Pg.160]    [Pg.532]    [Pg.70]    [Pg.238]    [Pg.130]    [Pg.55]    [Pg.240]    [Pg.632]    [Pg.650]    [Pg.368]    [Pg.175]    [Pg.503]    [Pg.450]    [Pg.262]    [Pg.123]    [Pg.195]    [Pg.197]    [Pg.444]    [Pg.44]    [Pg.58]    [Pg.279]    [Pg.651]    [Pg.300]    [Pg.132]    [Pg.122]    [Pg.477]    [Pg.477]    [Pg.29]    [Pg.90]    [Pg.300]    [Pg.632]    [Pg.650]    [Pg.588]    [Pg.590]    [Pg.8]    [Pg.347]    [Pg.188]    [Pg.233]    [Pg.164]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.495 ]




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Energy requirements

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