Hand test

ATS FAAR also supplies hand test apparatus for the measurement of elasticity (flexural modulus) according to specifications ASTM D1869 [33], ASTM D3419 [34], 

TABLE 2.3 Modulus of Elasticity of Polymers ATS FAAR Apparatus Measurement Test Suitable for Meeting the 

Method Code Number Units Following Standards 

Modulus elasticity versus temperature (torsion test) 10.22000 10.22001 GPa ASTM D1043 [29] DIN 53477 [30] ISO 458 [31] BS 2782 [32] 

Janick and Kroliskowski [40] investigated the effect of Charpy notched impact strength on the flexural modulus of polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate. Polymers with good flexural modulus include polydiallylisophthalate (11.3 GPa), phenol-formaldehyde (6.5 GPa), alkyd resins (8.6 GPa), and polyphenylene sulfide (13.8 GPa), as well as glass-filled polyester laminate (16 GPa) epoxy resins (3-3.5 GPa), sUica-fiUed epoxies (15 GPa), and acetals containing 30% carbon fiber (17.2 GPa). 

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Tests in waters and soils should ordinarily be allowed to run for extended periods in excess of 3 years, with removals of specimens in groups after different time intervals. A desirable schedule for any extended test in a natural environment is one in which the interval between successive removals is doubled each time. For example, the first removal would be after 1 year, the second after 3 years, and the third after 7 years, and so on. On the other hand, test periods should not be significantly longer than the process or exposure time of the end-use requirement. The testing of inhibitors for use if pickling or cleaning treatments should be of a period commensurate with the practical requirement which may be for only a few minutes. 

For structured packings, tests with the Koch-Sulzer BX and CY wire-mesh packings and with Mellapak 250Y showed no diameter effect on HETP (3,19,32,33). Wu and Chen (167) state that the same applies to Gempak packings. On the other hand, tests with Hyperfil showed an increase in HETP with column diameter (168). 

The time needed for each test procedure (explanation, implementation and evaluation) is about 3-4 minutes, provided the necessary test materials are already at hand (test sheets, stop-watch, pencil, matchsticks, etc.). It is possible to have the tests carried out by trained personnel. 

In the most precise commercial grading, the best work being done in some plants in the abrasives industry, the efficiency of the screening does not actually run much over 75 per cent. As shown by hand screens the work is better than this, in some cases over 90 per cent. Hand screens as a means of testing the work of power screens are only better in degree than power screens. With hand test screens of over H-m- size it is possible after shaking out finer particles to pick up the coarse pieces of the test sample and try them in different axial position to see if they will pass the apertures. 

Adsorption of carbon monoxide at 30° decreases the electrical conductivity of lithium-doped nickel oxide [NiO(10 Li)(250°)] which has been precovered by oxygen, at the same temperature from 1.8 x 10- to 6.2 X 10-12 ohm- cm-1. Formation of neutral species during this interaction is thus observed on all samples. Thermochemical cycles 1, 2 (Table XIII) and 3 (Table XIV) yield, however, ambiguous results in the case of NiO(10 Li)(250°). It appears from cycle 3 (Table XIV) that the intermediate formation of COs-(ads) ions is possible but the direct formation of adsorbed carbon dioxide is also probable from cycle 1 (Table XIII). Cycle 2, on the other hand, testing the formation of gaseous carbon dioxide, is balanced neither for low nor for intermediate surface coverages, although carbon dioxide is found in the cold trap after the adsorption of carbon monoxide (1.5 cm /gm). 

Before hand testing of light stabilizing activity of DTIU while introducing it into a polymer as mechanical additive was carried out. Data of Table 24 show that DTIU possesses photostabilizing activity that gives the reason to consider the fact that its condensation with CDA will improve light fastness of the latter. 

ASTM C860 Standard Practice for Determining the Consistency of Refractory Castable Using the Ball-in-Hand Test, April 2000. 

On the other hand, testing at lower humidities would be less challenging for most of the products, in particular for solid oral dosage forms like tablets, which are generally more stable in a dry environment. It is therefore adequate and justified to test the long-term stability of products for countries in Climatic Zone III at higher humidities, e.g., 30°C/65%. 

On the other hand, tests with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate showed that PAH desorption could be accomplished by electromigration of anionic micelles in the direction of the anode the surfactant was injected at the cathodic side of the electrokinetic cell. PAH removal of 90% was seen in the cathodic region (Pamukcu, 1994). Consequently, it is apparent that anionic surfactants migrate against the electroosmotic flow, and hence, are less useful in EK than are nonionic surfactants, even though the anionic surfactants are less adsorbed onto soil than are nonionic materials. 

Open time manufacture of lap joints at regular time intervals using asbestos board and hand testing... 

Statistical methods (such as F-test, Student s t-test, and x -test) can be used to prove the justification of using normal distribution to model online data. Usually, F-test is applied first to determine if a data set follows the normal distribution. Student s t-test is applied to determine the means or average assuming a common variance between a small set of sample data points and a large data pool. On the other hand, / -test can be applied to determine the variance for a small set of sample data points by assuming a common means between a small set of sample data points and a large data pool. For readers who are interested in this topic, please read SchmuUer (2009). 

Tier 2 XRD No crystalline peak First-hand testing to... 

BalMn-hand Test. A ball of mixed castable refractory, shaped by hand, is allowed to fall from a specified height and caught in the open fingers of the hand. The consistency is judged with the aid of photographs. The test is specified in ASTM C-860 and in BS 1902 Pt. 7.3. Ball Mill. A fine-grinding unit of a type much used in the pottery, vitreous enamel, and refractories industries. It... 

Tremendous efforts have been made in the development of nanotechnology-based sensors for the deteetion of molecular contaminants in complex food matrices. In this respect, nanosensors ean be defined as an array of thousands of nanoparticles that fluoresce on contact with food pathogens. On the other hand, tests for the detection of spoilage reveal modification of the color among the metal nanoparticles solution and analytes (Ai et al. 2009). 

The goal is to fail the adhesive, not the metal, in fatigue. This may well be impossible at ambient conditions for many adhesives and reasonable metal gauges. On the other hand, testing in hostile environment increases the probability of adhesive failure rather than adherend failure. 

On the other hand, tests of actual composites under conditions which would have been expected to promote biological attack indicated the immunity of the composite to this problem [11,57,64], This can be attributed to the alkaline nature of the matrix, which can provide resistance to this kind of degradation. However, some concern has been raised regarding the effect of carbonation on the immunity to biological attack. Sharman and Vautier [21] studied this effect in a carbonated autoclaved cellulose-pulp FRC composite, exposed to a fungal cellar. Some reduction in strength of the carbonated composite was observed, but it was not accompanied by any biological attack. 

C 860 Determining and measuring consistency of refractory concretes (e.g., ball-in-hand test ) 1977 ... 

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