Hamamatsu photomultiplier

The EL signal was measured by a Hamamatsu photomultiplier and recorded by either a Tektronics fast storage oscilloscope or by a gated photon counter SR-400. Spectroscopy measurements were performed either in repetitive mode where the photomultiplier signal from the output of the CVI monochromator was scanned with the photon-counter, or alternatively by means of a cooled CCD camera connected to the CVI spectrograph. 

As an example, the construction of a stabilized power supply very useful for the development of various devices used in flow techniques, e.g. as source of a Hamamatsu photomultiplier used in chemiluminescence detectors, is presented. Figure 4.20 shows a schematic depiction of the cited electronic circuit, able to supply - -5, -t-12 and —12 V. 

Hamamatsu photomultiplier integrating a low/high voltage converter, a resistor network and a current/voltage converter, featuring a full-scale output of 10 V. 

Hamamatsu photomultiplier resource, http //sales.hamamatsu.com/assets/applications. -Accessed 5 May 2012... 

The main components of the detector are 1) An assembly of 40 scintillator elements (200cm X 8.5 cm X 5 cm) airangea in a staggered array of two layers 10 cm apart. These are being bought by the Univ. of Kyoto from Bicron Corp. 2) Eighty Hamamatsu photomultiplier tubes and bases supplied by the University of Kyoto Sangyo. 3) An assembly and elevation stand. This is now under construction at TRIUMF. 

Spectrometer ARL 3400 C Quantovac 1 m Paschen-Range monuing grating ruled 1080 lines mm"1, 0.309 nm mm-1 reciprocal linear dispersion (3rd order). Primary slit width 20 pm, secondary slit 50 pm, Hamamatsu R-306 photomultiplier tube... 

Probably the two most widely used types of photomultipliers for fluorescence lifetime work are the Phillips XP2020Q linear focused device and the Hamamatsu R928 side-window device. The R928 has a response up to ca. 930 nm and this wavelength is achieved with variants of the XP2020Q. 

Another side-window photomultiplier often used in red/near-IR fluorescence studies is the Hamamatsu R636 with a gallium-arsenide (cesium) (GaAs(Cs)) photocathode. 11,53)... 

Other linear focused photomultipliers reported in near-IR fluorescence studies include the Hamamatsu R943-02 52 and the RCA C31034 85 86) both incorporating gallium-arsenide (GaAs) photocathodes. 

The operating principle of an MCP-PM is based on electron multiplication using a continuous dynode structure of ca. 10 um diameter holes, giving a more compact and hence faster time response when compared with conventional photomultipliers. Rise-times of 150 psec and transit-time jitter (i.e., impulse response) of ca. 25 psec FWHM at 200 counts/sec noise at room temperature have been recorded with the 6 fun channel Hamamatsu R3809 MCP-PM.(87)... 

Cu+ emission spectra were recorded using a nanosecond laser kinetic spectrometer (Applied Photophysics). Cu+-zeolites were excited by the laser beam of the XeCl excimer laser (Lambda Physik 205, emission wavelength 308 nm, pulse width 28 ns, pulse energy 100 mJ). The 320-nm filter was situated between 2 mm thick silica cell and monochromator. Emission signal was detected with the photomultiplier R 928 (Hamamatsu), recorded with the PM 3325 oscilloscope and processed by a computer. All the luminescence measurements were carried out at room temperature. The Cu+ emission spectra were constructed from the values of luminescence intensity at the individual wavelengths of emission in selected times after excitation (2, 5,10, 20, 50, 100 and 200 ps). For details see Ref [7]. 

Hamamatsu Corporation (http //www.usa.hamamatsu.com/). This website contains a good discussion of photomultiplier tube electronics. We all need to be reminded occasionally that a flow cytometer s performance is never any better than the performance of its photodetectors. 

A Perkin-Elmer MPF-2A Fluorescence Spectrophotometer was used to determine the excitation and emission wavelengths required for achieving maximum fluorescence intensity for the pesticides studied. The MPF-2A contained a 150 watt xenon arc and an excitation monochromator with a grating blazed at 300 nm as the excitation unit a Hamamatsu R 777 photomultiplier tube (sensitivity range 185 - 850 nm) and an emission monochromator grating blazed at 300 nm as the emission detection unit. A DuPont Model 848 Liquid Chromatograph was used for HPLC (Figure 2). The accessory injection device included a Rheodyne Model 70-10 six-port sample injection valve fitted with a 20 y liter sample loop. A Whatman HPLC column 4.6 mm x 25 cm that contained Partisil PXS 1025 PAC (a bonded cyano-amino polar phase unspecified by the manufacturer) was used with various mobile phases at ambient temperature and a flowrate of 1.25 ml/minute. 

Figure 2-7 Raman spectra of CCI4 (488.0-nm excitation) obtained under different conditions using a Spex Model 1403 double monochromator equipped with 1,800 grooves/mm gratings and a Hamamatsu R928 photomultiplier, (a) The effect of spectral bandpass (0.2-cm-1 increments per data point), (b) The effect of size of increments between the data points (1-cnT1 slit width accumulation time for all spectra was 1 second per data point.)...

Figure 2-11 Response curve for a Hamamatsu R928 photomultiplier. (Reproduced with permission from Hamamatsu.)...

Photoabsorption measurements were also performed using a deuterium lamp (Hamamatsu Photonics L544) as a light source. The transmitted light was resolved by a monochromator (Nikon P-250) and detected by a photomultiplier (Hamamatsu Photonics R928). 

The spectrometer assembly incorporates a 1000 Watt xenon arc lamp with Kratos power supply, lenses, and monochromators. Detection is with a Hamamatsu 1P--28 photomultiplier tube, powered by a Keithley model 247 high voltage supply. A stepper motor on the emission monochromator is computer controlled and coordinated with the computer data acquisition of the signal from a Keithley model 414a picoaimieter. 

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